Yorktown, 


Fredericksburg, 
Gettysburg, 


Antietam,  Atlanta, 

Petersburg,  Chattanooga, 

Richmond,  Nashville. 


m  1861 — Ofte  Mar  for  the  Itwm — 1865 

Views  made  by  Government  Photographers  during  the  Great  War. 
CATALOGUE  OF  ORIGINAL  PHOTOGRAPHIC  WAR  VIEWS. 

Taken  by  the  U.  S.  Government  Photographers,  M.  B.  Brady  and  Alex.  Gardner,  during  the   great 
war  of  1861,  1863,  1863,  1864  and  1865. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC    HISTORY. 

This  series  of  pictures  are  ORIGINAL  PHOTOGRAPHS  taken  during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion.  It  is  more  than  a 
quarter  of  a  century  since  the  sun  painted  these  real  scenes  of  that  great  war,  and  the  "  negatives  "  have  under- 
gone chemical  changes  which  makes  it  slow  and  difficult  work  to  get  "prints"  from.  them.  Of  course  no  more 
"  negatives  "  can  be  made,  as  the  scenes  represented  by  this  series  of  war  views  have  passed  away  forever.  The 
great  value  of  these  pictures  is  apparent.  Some  "  negatives"  are  entirely  past  printing  from,  and  all  of  them  are 
very  slow  printers. 

Just  how  things  looked  "  at  the  front,"  during  the  great  war,  is,  with  most  of  us,  now,  after  the  lapse  of  more 
than  twenty-five  years,  only  a  fading  memory,  cherished,  it  is  true,  and  often  called  up  from  among  the  dim  pict- 
ures of  the  past,  but  after  all,  only  the  vision  of  a  dream.  Artists  have  painted,  and  sketched,  and  engraved,  with 
more  or  less  fidelity  to  fact  and  detail  those  "  scenes  of  trial  and  danger,"  but  all  of  their  pictures  are,  in  a  greater 
or  less  degree,  imaginary  conceptions  of  the  artist.  Happily  our  Government  authorized,  during  the  war,  skillful 
photographers  to  catch  with  their  cameras  the  reflection,  as  in  a  mirror,  of  very  many  of  those  thrilling  and  inter- 
esting scenes. 

Thes'e  views  vividly  renew  the  memories  of  our  war  days.  The  camp,  the  march,  the  battlefields,  the  forts  and 
trenches,  the  wounded,  the  prisoners,  the  dead,  the  hurriedly-made  graves,  and  many  other  of  those  once  familiar 
scenes  are  photographically  portrayed  and  perpetuated.  These  are  not  sketches  or  imiginary  scenes,  but  are  the 
original  photographs  taken  on  the  spot.  None  can  be  had  anywhere  except  of  us  or  our  authorized  agents.  The 
supply  is  limited,  and  some  numbers  are  already  exhausted.  Where  a  number  is  cancelled  thus  X  it  denotes  that 
the  negative  is  gone,  and  no  more  views  of  that  subject  can  be  had  at  any  price. 

SIZE   AND    PRICE    OF   VIEWS. 

The  views  named  on  pages  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8  and  9  are  mounted  double,  for  the  stereoscope  ;  they  are  on  hand- 
some cards  4x7  inches  in  size.  We  cannot  furnish  the  views  above  specified  in  any  other  style  or  size.  The  title 
of  the  view  is  printed  underneath  each  view,  plainly,  so  that  the  person  who  is  looking  at  the  view,  through  a 
stereoscope,  will  have  the  title  of  the  scene  in  plain  sight  at  the  same  time  that  he  is  looking  at  the  view.  Having 
a  printed  description  of  each  view  adds  very  much  to  the  pleasure  of  studying  the  scene. 

Price  of  the  stereoscopic  war  views,  30  cents  each  ;  $3  per  dozen. 

The  views  named  on  pages  10,  n,  12  and  13  are  mounted  singly  on  handsome,  red-bordered  "  mounts  "  9x11 
inches  in  size.  Price,  75  cents  each.  We  cannot  furnish  the  views  named  on  pages  10,  n,  12  and  13  in  any  other 
size  or  style. 

TERMS,    CASH. 

Money  can  be  sent  by  Registered  Letter,  Post-office  Order,  Express  Money-order,  or  Bank  Draft,  payable  to  us. 
Our  references  are  :  The  Connecticut  Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Company,  of  Hartford  ;  The  Commander  of  Post  No.  50, 
G.  A.  R.,  Hartford  ;  the  Commander  of  the  Department  of  Connecticut,  G.  A.  R.  ;  Agent  of  Adams  Express  Co., 
Hartford ;  Agent  of  U.  S.  Express  Co.,  Hartford. 

THE  WAR  PHOTOGRAPH  &  EXHIBITION  COMPANY, 

Publishers  and  Sole  Owners  of  the  Original  War  Views, 

No.  2  State  Street,  HARTFORD,  CONN. 


Entered,  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1891,  by  THE  WAR  PHOTOGRAPH  &  EXHIBITION  COMPANY, 
in  the  Office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress,  at  Washington. 


1861- — <f> 


^•PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY.* 


made  "by  Government  ^pAotograjbAers  during  the  Great 


The  views  named  on  pages  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  and  9,  are  mounted  double  for  the  stereoscope,  on  cards  4x7  inches. 
These  (stereoscopic)  views  named  on  pages  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8  and  9  cannot  be  furnished  in  any  other  style  except 
stereoscopic,  nor  in  any  other  size  except  on  "  mounts  "  measuring  4x7  inches. 
The  title  and  description  of  the  view  is  printed  on  the  card. 
The  price  of  these  stereoscopic  views  is  30  cents  each,  or  $3  per  dozen. 


Catalogue  of  Original  Photographic  War  Views. 

Taken  by  the  U.  S.  Government  Photographers,  M.  B.  Brady  and  Alex.  Gardner,  during  the  great 
war  of  1861,  1862,  1863,  1864  and  1865. 


1877.    General  W.  S.  Hancock. 
1879.    General  Nelson  A.  Miles. 

297.    The  150th  Penn.  Infantry,  March,  1863.    Regiment 
in  L.ine,  Company  Front. 

341.  General  Judson  Killpatrick,  September,  1863. 

342.  General  Alfred  Fleasonton,  September,  1863. 

382.    Generals  Franklin,  Barry,  Slocumb,  Newton,  and 
others,  Yorktown.  1862. 


1 189.         The  Marshall  House,  Alexandria,  Ta. 

Scene  of  the  assassination  of  Colonel  B.  E.  Ellsworth,  Comman- 
der of  the  N.  Y.  Zouaves.  He  was  shot  and  instantly  killed  by 
Jackson,  the  landlord,  for  pulling  down  a  Rebel  flag  from  the  flag- 
staff on  the  roof.  Colonel  Ellsworth's  death  was  immediately 
avenged  by  Sergeant  Brownell  of  his  Zouaves,  who  shot  and  bayo- 
netted  Jackson  almost  at  the  same  moment  that  Jackson  shot 
Colonel  Ellsworth  ;  their  dead  bodies  fell  within  three  feet  of  each 
other.  This  occurred  on  May  24, 1861. 

2296.  Slave  Pen,  Alexandria,  Va. 

Exterior  view  of  the  famous,  or  rather,  the  infamous  slave  pen. 
People  of  this  generation  can  hardly  make  it  seem  possible  that 
such  an  "  institution  "  was  ever  tolerated  under  the  stars  and 
stripes,  in  this  "land  of  the  free."  Read  the  inscription  on  that 
sign  over  the  door :  "  Price,  Birch  &  Co.,  Dealers  in  Slaves." 

363.  The  Siege  of  Yorktown,  Ta. 

In  the  Spring  of  1862.  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  laid  siege  to 
Yorktown,  Va.  Many  heavy  batteries  were  planted.  This  is 
Battery  No.  1,  on  the  Union  right.  It  consists  of  five  100-pound, 
and  two  200-pound  Parrott  guns.  It  was  the  heaviest  battery  of 
artillery  ever  mounted  in  the  world,  up  to  that  time.  It  threw 
900  pounds  of  iron  at  one  broadside.  It  was  planted  and  manned 
hy  Company  "  B,"  First  Connecticut  Heavy  Artillery. 

375.  The  Siege  of  Yorktown,  Va. 

In  the  early  Spring  of  1862,  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  laid  a  very 
heavy  siege  to  Yorktown,  Va.  Immense  batteries  of  enormous 
guns  and  mortars  were  planted  all  along  the  line  by  the  First  Con- 
necticut Heavy  Artillery.  This  is  a  battery  of  13-inch  sea-coast 
mortars. 
455.  Confederate  Fortifications,  Yorktown,  Ya. 

When  the  Rebels  evacuated  Yorktown,  they  destroyed  as  many 
of  their  cannon  as  possible.  This  shows  the  remains  of  a  heavy 
gun  which  was  purposely  bursted  by  them.  Fragments  of  the 
gun  strew  the  ground,  together  with  shell  and  grape  shot.  The 
soldiers  seen  in  the  fort  are  Union  Zouaves. 

1914.    Encampment  at  Cumberland  Landing,  Ya. 

The  camps  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  covered  thousands  and 
thousands  of  acres.  This  is  a  picturesque  view  of  a  camp  at 
Cumberland  Landing,  on  the  Pamunky  River,  Va.,  in  May,  1862. 

383.  A  Group  of  «'  Contrabands." 

One  of  the  common  and  characteristic  scenes  in  the  Union 
army  during  the  war  was  a  group  of  "contrabands,"  happy  and 
thankful  if  permitted  to  remain  under  the  protection  of  "  Massa 
Linkum's  Soldiers."  Here  the  photographer  shows  us  such  a 
group. 
468.  Savage  Station,  Va.,  June  27, 1862. 

This  was  the  Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac,  just  at  the 
opening  of  the  seven  days'  fight.  At  this  station  vast  amounts  of 
rations,  forage,  ammunition  and  hospital  stores  were  distributed 
for  the  use  of  the  troops.  This  station  fell  into  the  hands  of  the 
enemy  together  with  many  of  our  »ick  and  wounded  soldiers 
during  the  seven  days'  battles. 


435.  Capt.  J.  C.  Tidball  and  Officers,  near  Fair  Oaks, 

June,  1862. 

436.  Gen.  George  Stoneman  and  Staff,  near  Fair  Oaks, 

June,  1862. 

61.    "  When    Will   the    Army   Move."       Discussing   the 
probabilities  of  an  advance,  March  28,  1864. 

131.    Headquarters  Army    of  the    Potomac,    Brandy 
Station,  Va.,  April,  1864. 

216.    Culpepper,  Va.,  September,  1863. 

491.  A  Field  Hospital  Scene. 

During  a  battle  "  field  hospitals "  are  established  as  near  as 
possible  to  the  line  of  battle.  This  view  gives  a  glimpse  of  the 
field  hospital  at  Savage  Station,  Va.,  during  the  battle  of  June  27, 
1862.  The  wounded  are  brought  in  by  the  hundreds  and  laid  on 
the  ground.  The  surgeons  are  busy  dressing  their  wounds. 

471.  Fair  Oaks  Station,  Va. 

Here  is  where  the  battle  raged  hottest  in  June,  1862.  In  the 
rear  of  the  battery  of  howitzers  which  is  seen  in  the  foreground, 
can  be  seen  the  left  of  Sickle's  brigade  in  line  of  battle.  Near 
the  twin  houses,  seen  still  further  in  the  rear,  the  bodies  of  over 
400  Union  soldiers  were  buried  after  the  battle. 

2348.  Professor  L,owe  in  his  Balloon. 

During  the  Peninsula  Campaign  in  1862,  the  army  balloon  was 
a  valuable  aid  in  the  signal  service.  This  view  shows  Professor 
Lowe  up  in  his  balloon  watching  the  battle  of  Fair  Oaks.  He  can 
easily  discern  the  movements  of  the  enemy's  troops,  and  give 
warning  to  our  Generals  how  to  head  them  off.  The  men  at  the 
ropes  permit  the  balloon  to  rise  to  whatever  elevation  he  desires 
and  they  then  anchor  it  to  a  tree. 

431. 

"  Flying  Artillery,"  as  it  is  sometimes  called,  isabattery  of  light 
artillery  (usually  10-pounder  rifle  guns,)  with  all  hands  mounted. 
In  ordinary  light  artillery  the  cannoneers  either  ride  on  the  gun- 
arriage  or  go  afoot.  In  "flying artillery"  each  cannoneer  has  a 
torse.  This  permits  very  rapid  movements  of  the  battery.  "Fly- 
Qg  artillery"  usually  serves  with  cavalry.  This  is  Gibson's  bat- 


A  Battery  of  "Flying  Artillery. 


horse. 

ing  artillery' 

tery("C,"3dU. 

914. 


lally  serves  with  cavalry. 

'  )  near  Fair  Oaks,  June,  1862. 


Unburied  Dead  on  Battlefield. 

(Numbers  914  and  916  are  entirely  different  scenes.) 
This  photograph  was  made  several  months  after  the  battle,  on 
the  field  at  Games'  Mills,  Va.  At  the  time  of  the  fight  our  troops 
were  obliged  to  abandon  the  field  and  leave  the  dead  unburied. 
The  skulls  and  skeleton  remains  of  some  of  our  unknown  heroes 
are  here  seen  on  the  spot  where  they  gave  up  their  lives  for  our 
country.  In  the  background  can  be  seen  the  earthworks  where, 
probably,  was  stationed  the  battery  these  soldiers  were  trying  to 
capture  when  they  were  killed. 

916.  Unburied  Dead  on  Battlefield. 

This  photograph  was  made  several  months  after  the  battle,  on 
the  field  at  Games'  Mills,  Va.  At  the  time  of  the  fight  our  troops 
were  obliged  to  abandon  the  field  and  leave  the  dead  unburied. 
The  skulls  and  skeleton  remains  of  some  of  our  unknown  heroes 
are  here  seen  on  the  spot  where  they  gave  up  their  lives  for  our 
country. 
2351.  Field  Telegraph  Station. 

It  was  often  necessary  to  establish  a  telegraph  service  between 
different  points  in  our  lines  very  hurriedly.  This  view  shows 
one  of  the  characteristic  field  telegraph  stations.  An  old  piece  ol 
canvas  stretched  over  some  rails  forms  the  telegrapher's  office, 
and  a  "  hard-tack  "  box  is  his  telegraph  table;  but  from  such  a 
rude  station  messages  were  often  sent  which  involved  the  lives 
of  hundreds  and  thousands  of  soldiers. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


756.  Our  Boys  in  the  Trenches. 

This  view  will  remind  every  soldier  of  the  old  times.  Who 
has  not  been  in  the  trenches?  The  earthwork,  the  pieces  of 
shelter  tent  and  boughs  of  trees  stretched  over  to  break  the  rays 
of  the  burning  sun,  the  boys  in  the  trench  watching  and  waiting; 
the  outlook  across  the  little  valley  to  the  enemy's  lines.  It  is  like 
living  the  past  over  again  to  study  this  view. 

762.  Destruction  of  a  Bailroad  Bridge. 

Both  armies  had  a  reckless  habit  of  leaving  the  roads  and 
bridges  in  a  condition  which  ought  not  to  have  been  permitted  by  the 
selectmen  of  the  towns  through  which  the  army  passed.  This  rail- 
road bridge  is  so  badly  used  up  that  there  is  no  reasonable  expec- 
tation that  the  trains  can  make  schedule  time  for  some  days. 

918.  Collecting  Bemains  of  the  Dead. 

This  is  a  ghastly  view  showing  the  process  of  collecting  the  re- 
mains of  Union  soldiers  who  were  hastily  buried  at  the  time  of 
the  battle.  This  is  a  scene  on  the  battlefield  months  after  the 
battle,  when  the  Government  ordered  the  remains  gathered  for 
permanent  burial.  The  grinning  skulls,  the  boot  still  hanging  on 
the  fleshless  bones,  the  old  canteen  on  the  skeleton,  all  testify  to 
the  hasty  burial  after  the  battle.  Looking  on  this  scene  you  can 
easily  understand  why,  in  all  National  Cemeteries,  there  are  so 
great  a  number  of  graves  marked  "  Unknown."  These  are  the 
"  unknown  "  heroes  of  the  war,  who  "  died  that  our  Nation  might 
live." 
1084.  Interior  of  Fort  Sedgwick. 

Fort  Sedgwick  on  the  Petersburg  line  was  nicknamed  by  the 
troops  "  Fort  Hell,"  because  the  Rebel  shot  and  shell  was  rained 
into  it  so  constantly  and  fiercely.  This  glimpse  of  the  bomb-proof 

nrters  of  the  garrison  gives  an  idea  of  the  unpleasantness  of  the 
as  a  place  of  residence  during  the  early  days  of  1865.  The 
boys,  however,  succeeded  in  extracting  considerable  comfort  from 
life,  even  here.  The  rough  chimney  with  the  old  pork  barrel  for 
a  chimney  pot,  leads  down  underground  to  a  Tittle  fire-place 
around  which  many  a  song  was  sung  or  storjt  told,  even  while 
Death  was  holding  his  carnival  just  outside. 

1O62.  The  Union  Line  Before  Petersburg. 

From  among  a  large  number  of  views  of  the  Petersburg  hues, 
we  select  this  as  one  which  gives,  perhaps,  a  better  idea  of  our  lines 
at  Petersburg  than  any  other  view  we  have  of  them.  First  is  seen 
the  line  of  sharpened  spikes  or  abbatis  placed  all  along  in  front 
of  the  works  to  delay  the  enemy  (in  case  of  a  charge)  within  short 
range  of  our  guns.  This  moment  of  delay  necessary  to  tear  away 
this  abbatis  is  deadly  to  the  charging  column.  Then  back  of  the 
abbatis  the  line  of  breastworks  can  be  seen  stretching  away  in 
the  distance  Behind  the  breastworks  is  seen  the  r^"<;h  made 
huts  of  the  troops  who  defend  the  line. 

831.          The  Thirteen-inch  Mortar  "  Dictator." 

This  large  sea-coast  mortar  is  mounted  on  a  special  flat-car 
made  very  strong  for  this  purpose.  This  mortar-car  is  on  General 
Grant's  Military  Railroad,  at  Petersburg.  The  car  is  readily 
moved  along  the  line  and  the  mortar  is  fired  whenever  required  ; 
it  is  thus  made  very  effective  and  annoying  to  the  enemy,  for  it  is 
something  like  the  Irishman's  flea,  "  when  they  put  their  hand  on 
it,  it  aint  there ;  "  in  other  words,  when  they  turn  the  fire  of  their 
batteries  on  the  "  Dictator."  our  boys  hitch  on  to  the  car  and  run 
it  along  out  of  the  line  of  fire  and  commence  pegging  away  again. 
By  the  time  the  "Johnnies"  find  out  where  the  "Dictator"  is 
and  get  the  range  to  smash  it,  "it  aint  there"  again;  the  boys  run 
it  along  to  a  new  stand  for  business. 

1171.  Bailroad  Battery  Before  Petersburg. 

This  is  another  battery  on  General  Grant's  Military  Railroad, 
operated  the  same  as  the  mortar  "Dictator"  shown  in  view 
No.  831.  The  heavy  cannon  is  mounted  on  a  very  strong,  special- 
made  car,  protected  with  a  roof  of  railroad  iron.  The  car  is 
readily  moved  along  the  line  and  the  cannon  is  fired  whenever 
required ;  it  is  thus  made  very  effective  and  annoying  to  the 
enemy,  for  it  is  something  like  the  Irishman's  flea.  "  when  they 
put  their  hand  on  it,  it  aint  there ;  "  in  other  words,  when  they 
turn  the  fire  of  their  batteries  on  the  Railroad  Battery,  our  boys 
hitch  on  to  the  car  and  run  it  along  out  of  the  line  of  fire,  and 
commence  pegging  away  again.  By  the  time  the  "Johnnies" 
find  out  where  the  Railroad  Battery  is,  and  get  the  range  to 
smash  it,  "  it  aint  there"  again  the  boys  run  it  along  to  a  new 
stand  for  business. 

259.    General  Meade's  Headquarters  at  Gettysburg. 

This  little  house  was  the  Headquarters  of  the  Union  army  dur- 
ing that  terrible  battle.  On  the  third  day  of  the  battle  this  house 
was  in  direct  range  of  the  fearful  artillery  fire  rained  by  the 
Rebels  on  the  Union  lines  just  previous  to  Pickett's  great  charge. 
The  horses  of  General  Meade's  aides  were  hitched  to  the  fence  and 
trees  near  the  house.  Sixteen  of  these  horses  were  killed  during 
the  artillery  fire.  Dead  bodies  of  horses  are  seen  in  the  road  and 
field  near  the  house  and  under  the  trees. 

1O47.      "Winter  Quarters  of  the  Engineer  Corps. 

The  Engineer  Corps  were  made  up  of  skilled  mechanics,  bridge 
builders,  etc.,  etc.,  and  their  winter  quarters  on  the  lines  before 
Petersburg  during  the  winter  of  1864 — 1865,  made  by  far  the 
handsomest,  most  attractive  camp  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 
This  is  a  View  of  Colonel  Spaulding's  quarters.  Pine  boughs  have 
been  interwoven  into  a  handsome  design  for  the  front  entrance. 
Over  the  entrance  is  the  well-known  Engineer  Corps  badge  woven 
with  the  same  material.  Pieces  of  canvas  are  stretched  over  the 
ridge-pole,  and  this  completes  the  Regimental  Headquarters. 
Colonel  Spaulding  stands  in  the  doorway. 


1O51.    Bomb-proof  Bestaurant  on  the  Petersburg  line. 

Who  but  a  "  Yank  "  would  think  of  starting  a  "  store  "  or  restau 
rant  on  the  line  of  battle  where  shot  and  shell  are  constantly  fall- 
ing? This  is  a  bomb-proof  restaurant  on  the  line  at  Petersburg. 
'The  sign  over  the  door  "Fruit  A  Oyster  House,"  looks  as  though 
it  might  have  been  "captured"  by  the  proprietors  from  some 
regular  eating  house. 

6177.  A  Dead  Confederate  Soldier. 

This  view  was  taken  in  the  trenches  at  Petersburg,  April  2, 1865* 
just  after  the  Rebels  were  driven  out  of  their  works.  It  shows  a 
dead  Confederate  soldier  just  as  he  fell.  He  was  hit  in  the  head  with 
a  piece  of  shell.  His  head  is  partly  shot  away  and  his  brains  are 
scattered  about  in  the  mud.  His  blanket  was  carried  in  the  old 
familiar  way, — twisted  together,  tied  at  the  ends,  and  slung  across 
his  shoulder. 

345.    Church  of  the  Engineer  Corps  Before  Petersburg. 

The  Engineer  Corps  were  made  up  of  skilled  mechanics,  bridge 
builders,  etc..  etc.,  and  their  winter  quarters  on  the  lines  before 
Petersburg  during  the  winter  of  1864—1865,  made  by  far  the 
handsomest,  most  attractive  camp  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 
This  is  a  view  of  the  beautiful  little  church  built  by  them  at  their 
camp.  The  church  and  steeple  are  made  of  rough  pine  logs  and 
branches,  with  the  bark  on,  but  it  is  artistic  enough  to  make  it 
worthy  of  a  more  permanent  existance  than  a  soldier's  cam" 
warrants. 


2448. 


A  Sutler's  Tent. 


The  Sutler  or  army  storekeeper  was  the  fellow  who  got  the  most 
of  the  soldier's  pay.  Sardines,  canned  peaches,  ginger  cakes,  con- 
densed milk,  plug  tobacco,  etc.,  etc..  at  extremely  high  prices, 
found  ready  sale  on  pay  day  and  for  the  few  days  thereafter  that 
the  money  lasted,  but  with  condensed  milk  at  a  dollar  per  can. 
and  other-vthings  in  proportion,  thirteen  dollars  per  month  did 
not  prove  sufficient  to  keep  a  fellow  in  cash  more  than  one  or  two 
days  per  month.  This  is  the  tent  of  Johnson,  the  sutler  of  the 
2d  Division,  9th  Corps. 

783.  Execution  of  a  Colored  Soldier. 

In  the  month  of  June,  1864,  a  colored  soldier  in  the  Union  army 
in  front  of  Petersburg,  attempted  to  commit  a  rape  on  a  white 
woman  whose  house  chanced  to  be  within  our  lines;  the  woman's 
husband  was  absent  from  home,  serving  in  the  Rebel  army.  This 
colored  soldier,  named  Johnson,  was  caught,  tried  by  Court- 
martial,  lound  guilty,  and  sentenced  to  be  hanged.  A  request 
was  made  of  the  Rebels,  under  a  flag  of  truce,  that  we  might  be 
permitted  to  hang  Johnson  in  plain  sight  of  both  armies,  between 
the  lines.  The  request  was  granted,  and  this  is  a  photograph  of 
him  hanging  where  both  armies  can  plainly  see  him. 

961.         First  Wagon  Train  Entering  Petersburg. 

As  soon  as  the  Rebels  were  forced  to  evacuate  Petersburg, 
April  2, 1865,  our  troops  took  possession ;  the  inhabitants  of  the 
city  were  in  a  very  destitute  condition,  almost  starving  in  fact. 
The  U.  S.  Government  at  once  began  issuing  rations  to  these 
starving  people,  and  great  trains  loaded  with  provisions  soon 
rolled  into  the  city.  This  is  a  view  of  the  first  wagon  train  that 
entered  the  city.  The  hated  Yankees  came  to  them  with  barrels 
of  flour,  pork,  coffee,  sugar,  and  other  necessaries  to  relieve  their 
suffering  brought  upon  them  by  their  friends  (?)  the  Rebels. 

8514.  Scene  at  City  Point,  Va. 

City  Point,  on  the  James  River,  was  chosen  by  General  Grant 
as  his  base  of  supplies.  Docks  and  wharves  were  constructed, 
and  here  came  the  hundreds  of  supply  vessels,  bringing  rations, 
forage,  ammunition,  clothing,  hospital  supplies,  and  all  the  vast 
amount  of  things  needed  for  the  great  Army  of  the  Potomac. 
General  Grant  also  constructed  a  Military  Railroad  from  City 
Point  away  out  around  to  the  left  of  Petersburg,  and  by  means  of 
this  railroad  he  distributed  these  supplies  to  his  vast  army  easily 
and  rapidly.  This  is  a  view  at  City  Point,  General  Grant's  Head- 
quarters. 

6O35.     Where  one  of  Grant's  Messengers  Called. 

The  City  of  Petersburg  was  under  fire  almost  continuously 
from  July  1864,  till  April  1865.  Scarcely  a  building  in  the  city  but 
what  was  struck  by  shells  from  the  Union  batteries.  This  is  a 
view  of  the  parlor  window  of  Dunlop's  house,  one  of  the  finest  in 
the  city,  showing  where  a  shell  came  bursting  into  the  house. 
It  hardly  seems  possible  that  any  one  could  escape  such  a  long 
siege  and  bombardment, yet  there  were  many  women  and  children 
who  remained  in  Petersburg  during  the  entire  siege. 

6705. 

This  view  gives  a  good  idea  of  how  the  ammunition  was  pro- 
tected in  the  forts  and  batteries  along  the  lines;  first  a  room  is 
built  of  h€ 
earth  to  i 

to  the  ma0 .. ,     „ 

earth  and  placed  around  the  entrance  to  prevent  the  earth  from 
caving  in  if  a  shell  explodes  on  the  magazine.  Thus  protected  it- 
is  rarely  that  a  magazine  is  exploded. 

3346.    One  Beason  why  we  did  not  go  to  Bichmond. 

There  were  many  reasons  why  we  did  not  go  to  Richmond  as 
soon  as  we  expected  to.  This  is  one  of  the  reasons;  there  were 
lots  of  just  such  reasons  as  this  all  along  up  the  James  River.  This 
is  one  of  the  many  guns  which  the  Rebels  had  in  Fort  Darling, 
which  commanded  the  river  approaches  for  a  long  distance.  The 
Rebels  used  to  shout  across  to  our  pickets,  that  before  we  could 
get  to  Richmond  we  had  a  LONQSTBEBT  to  travel,  a  big;  HILL  to  cH«ib, 
and  a  STONEWALL  to  get  over;  but  we  "  got  there  just  the  sarr-'R." 


Powder  Magazine  on  the  Lines. 


n  te  orts  an  aeres  aong  te  nes;  rs  a  room  s 
heavy  logs  spiked  together,  then  the  logs  are  covered  with 
a  thickness  sufficient  to  prevent  a  shell  from  penetrating 
agazine.  The  basket  works,  "gabions,"  are  filled  with 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


1210.    McLean's  House,  Where  Lee  Surrendered. 

This  is  the  scene  of  General  Lee's  Surrender  to  General  Grant, 
April  9, 1865.  It  was  within  this  house,  owned  by  a  Mr.  McLean, 
and  situated  near  Appomattox  Court  House,  that  the  surrender 
was  signed.  This  great  historical  event  took  place  in  the  front 
room  on  the  right  of  the  door  as  you  enter  the  house. 

2594.  A  Group  of  "  Contrabands." 

The  negroes  who  ran  away  from  slavery  and  came  into  the 
Union  lines,  were  employed  by  the  Government  as  teamsters, 
laborers,  Ac.  They  were  happy,  good-natured  fellows,  and  made 
lots  of  fun  for  the  soliders.  This  is  a  characteristic  group  of  the 
"contrabands,"  as  they  were  called,  standing  in  front  of  their 
rough-built  shanty  to  have  their  pictures  taken. 

2538.         A  Pontoon  Bridge  on  the  James  River. 

The  boats  and  timbers  forming  this  bridge  are  carried  on  wheels. 
When  the  army  needs  a  bridge,  the  boats  are  quickly  launched, 
and  anchored  parallel  with  the  current,  the  timbers  are  soon  laid; 
a  bridge  is  thus  formed,  strong  enough  to  permit  the  army  to 
cross  with  the  cannon  and  trains.  The  boats  are  then  taken  up, 
replaced  on  the  wheels  and  are  carried  with  the  army. 

458.        Confederate  Fortifications,  Yorktown,  Va. 

"Battery  Magrauder,"  named  after  the  Rebel  General  Magrau- 
der,  who  was  in  command  at  Yorktown.  When  the  Rebels  evacu- 
ated this  place  they  destroyed  as  many  of  their  cannon  as  possible. 

560.  On  the  Antietam  Battlefield. 

This  is  a  view  on  the  west  side  of  the  Hagerstown  Road.  The 
bodies  of  the  dead  which  are  strewn  thickly  beside  the  fence, 
just  as  they  fell,  shows  that  the  fighting  was  severe  at  this  point 
on  that  bloody  day,  September  17, 1862. 

568.      Where  Sumner's  Corps  Charged  at  Antietam. 

This  view  shows  where  a  battery  of  Rebel  artillery  was  posted 
in  the  morning  of  Sept.  17, 1862.  During  the  day  Sumner's  Corps 
charged  over  this  portion  of  the  field,  and  the  dead  bodies  of  men 
and  horses,  and  the  broken  gun-carriages  shows  how  the  tide  of 
battle  carried  destruction  and  death  with  it. 

553.  The  "Sunken  Road"  at  Antietam. 

This  ditch  or  "  sunken  road  "  was  used  by  the  Rebels  as  a  rifle  pit. 
A  Union  battery  succeeded  in  getting  an  excellent  range  of  tnis 
road,  and  slaughtered  the  enemy  like  sheep.  This  view  of  some 
of  the  dead  just  as  they  fell,  is  only  a  specimen  of  many  groups 
of  dead  in  that  terrible  trap,  the  "  sunken  road." 

552.         Dunker  Church,  Antietam,  Sept.  17, 1862. 

The  Rebels  posted  a  battery  of  light  artillery  in  front  of  a  little 
one-and-a-half  story  building,  used  by  the  Dunkers  as  a  church. 
This  view  shows  where  one  gun  of  the  battery  stood.  The  dead 
artillerymen  and  horses,  and  the  shell-holes  through  the  little 
church,  shows  how  terrible  a  fire  was  rained  on  this  spot  by  the 
Union  batteries. 

243.  On  the  Battlefield  at  Gettysburg. 

A  group  of  Union  dead  on  the  right  of  the  Federal  lines  on  the 
first  days'  fight,  July  1, 1863.  These  soldiers  were  killed  by  one 
discharge  of  "cannister"  from  a  Rebel .  gun  during  a  charge. 
"Cannister"  is  a  tin  can  filled  with  small  calls  about  the  size  of 
a  marble.  When  the  cannon  is  fired  the  force  of  the  discharge 
bursts  open  the  can,  and  the  shower  of  cannister  balls  sweeps 
everything  before  it. 

245.  Union  Dead  at  Gettysburg. 

This  group  of  dead  was  in  "  the  wheat-field."  The  burial  details 
found  many  such  groups  on  that  terrible  field.  The  work  of 
burying  the  thousands  of  dead  was  a  Herculean  task  in  itself. 
The  hot  July  sun  made  it  imperative  that  the  dead  should  be 
placed  underground  as  soon  as  possible.  In  some  cases  a  little 
mound  of  earth  was  heaped  over  the  bodies  as  they  lay,  and  after 
the  first  rain  storm  the  hands  and  feet  of  the  dead  could  be  seen 
sticking  out  from  their  covering  of  earth. 

253.  The  Slaughter  Pen  at  Gettysburg. 

The  woods  at  the  foot  of  "  Round  Top,"  which  was  the  "  right " 
of  the  Union  line,  were  named  by  the  soldiers  "  the  slaughter- 
pen."  The  enemy  made  a  desperate  attempt  to  gain  a  foot-hold 
on  Roua4  Top,  for  it  was  virtually  the  "  key"  to  the  field.  The 
woods  en  tt*  slope  were  strewn  with  dead.  This  view  gives  a 


gli. 
266. 


Bg  the  trees,  showing  the  harvest  of  death. 
In  Trossel's  Barnyard,  Gettysburg. 


The  9th  Massachusetts  Battery  of  Light  Artillery  were  stationed 
in  the  yard  and  barnyard  at  Trossel's  place.  Some  idea  of  the 
awful  tide  of  battle  which  they  met  there  can  be  inferred  from  the 
fact  that  of  the  88  horses  of  their  battery,  65  were  killed.  This 
view  shrvrs  where  one  of  their  guns  stood.  This  battery  did  most 
valiant  service  here  that  day.  They  held  the  fearful  charge  in 
check  Sbili  our  lines  could  be  re-formed  to  successfully  meet  and 
repel  tfee  attack. 

73O.  General  Grant's  Council  of  War. 

This  view  shows  a  "Council  of  War"  in  the  field  near  Massa- 
ponax  Church,  Va.,  May  21, 1864.  The  pews  or  benches  have  been 
brought  out  under  the  trees,  and  the  officers  are  gathered  to  dis- 
cuss the  situation.  It  has  been  a  disastrous  day  for  the  Union 
troops;  the  losses  have  been  heavy,  and  nofhingapparently  gained 
General  Grant  is  bending  over  the  bench  looking  over  General 
Meade's  shoulder  at  a  map  which  is  held  in  Meade's  lap.  The 
Staff  Officers  are  grouped  around  under  the  trees;  the  orderlies 
are  seen  in  the  background  ;  the  ambulances  and  baggage  wagons 
can  also  be  seen  in  the  background. 


135.  "  Mounting  Guard." 

Each  day  a  new  guard  is  detailed,  and  before  they  relieve  the 
old  guard  of  the  previous  day,  they  are  paraded  and  inspected  by 
the  "  Officer  of  the  Day."  This  view  shows  a  "  guard  mounting'1 
of  the  114th  Pennsylvania  Infantry  at  Headquarters  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  Brandy  Station,  Va.,  April  7, 1864. 

1O78.  The  Ambulance  Corps. 

This  view  shows  the  method  of  removing  the  wounded  from 
the  field  by  the  Ambulance  Corps.  In  no  previous  war  in  the 
history  of  the  world  was  so  much  done  to  alleviate  suffering  as 
in  the  war  of  1861— 1865.  But  notwithstanding  all  that  was  done, 
the  wounded  suffered  horribly.  After  any  great  battle  it  required 
several  days  and  nights  of  steady  work  ere  all  the  wounded  were 
gathered  up,  and  no  pen  nor  tongue  can  tell  how  they  suffered 
while  waiting  for  the  Ambulance  Corps. 

2508.  Burial  of  the  Dead. 

After  the  battle  the  dead  are  gathered  and  buried.  Sometimes 
pine  boxes  were  procured  and  single  graves  were  made,  with  a 
head-board  giving  the  name,  company,  and  regiment,  if  it  could  be 
ascertained.  This  view  was  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  Dec.  15, 1862, 
and  shows  burial  detail  employed  in  burying  the  Union  dead.  This 
burial  detail  is  under  a  flag  of  truce,  as  the  Rebels  hold  this  field. 

2512.  Filling  their  Canteens. 

Comrades  all  remember  how  eagerly  they  made  a  rush  for  "  the 
old  well,"  when  on  a  long  and  dusty  march  they  came  to  a  plan- 
tation with  its  cool  "spring  house,"  or  its  deep  dark  well.  This 
view  shows  the  familiar  scene  of  filling  the  canteens;  the  well 
has  been  covered  with  canvas  and  a  guard  placed  over  it  to  pre- 
vent any  waste  of  water,  for  a  well,  however  deep  and  capacious, 
soon  becomes  dry  when  the  army  commence  to  draw  water. 

715.    Wagon  Train  Crossing  the  Rappahannock  River. 

This  is    a  view  of  the  Sixth  Corps  wagon  train  crossing  the 
Rappahannock  River  on  a  pontoon  bridge,  below  Fredericksburg 
in  May,  1864. 
721.  Bringing  in  the  Wounded. 

This  is  a  view  of  Allsop's  house  near  Spottsylvania  Court  House, 
May  12. 1864.  The  barn  is  used  as  a  field  hospital,  and  in  the  fore- 
ground is  a  wounded  soldier  on  a  stretcher,  who  is  being  brought 
in  from  the  field  of  battle;  his  comrades  have  stopped  a  moment, 
and  the  stretcher  is  placed  on  the  ground ;  they  are  waiting 
orders  from  the  surgeons  to  bring  in  the  wounded  man.  The 
empty  stretcher  on  the  ground  a  little  nearer  the  barn  door  tells 
the  story  of  another  wounded  man  on  the  operating  table  ;  and  so 
each  one  must  take  his  turn  under  the  surgeon's  knife. 

723.  Confederate  Dead  on  the  Battlefield. 

(Numbers  723,  725,  and  726  are  entirely  different  scenes.) 
This  view  was  taken  near  Spottsylvania  Court  House,  May  12, 
1864,  after  Ewell's  attack  on  the  Federal  right.  The  dead  man 
is  one  of  the  Rebel  General  Ewell's  soldiers,  just  as  he  fell.  There 
is  very  little  of  the  "romance  of  war"  to  be  found  in  such  scenes 
as  this ;  the  fair  face  of  nature  is  smeared  and  stained  with  the 
blood  of  the  poor  victims  of  war.  Every  rod  of  ground  hereabouts 
has  one  or  more  dead  soldiers  lying  on  it. 

725.  Confederate  Dead  on  the  Battlefield. 

This  view  was  taken  near  Spottsylvania  Court  House,  May  12, 
1864,  after  Swell's  attack  on  the  Federal  right.  The  dead  man 
is  one  of  the  Rebel  General  Ewell's  soldiers,  just  as  he  fell.  There 
is  very  little  of  the  "  romance  of  war"  to  be  found  in  such  scenes 
as  this;  the  fair  face  of  nature  is  smeared  and  stained  with  the 
blood  of  the  poor  victims  of  war.  Every  rod  of  ground  herea- 
bouts has  one  or  more  dead  soldiers  lying  on  it. 

726.  Confederate  Dead  on  the  Battlefield. 

This  view  was  taken  near  Spottsylvania  Court  House,  May  19, 
1864,  after  Ewell's  attack  on  the  Federal  right.  The  dead  men 
are  the  Rebel  General  Ewell's  soldiers,  just  as  they  fell.  There 
is  very  little  of  the  "  romance  of  war  "  to  be  found  in  such  scenes 
as  this;  the  fair  face  of  nature  is  smeared  and  stained  with  the 
blood  of  the  poor  victims  of  war.  Every  rod  of  ground  hereabouts 
has  one  or  more  dead  soldiers  lying  on  it. 

274.  The  Horrors  of  War. 

A  Union  soldier  killed  by  a  shell  at  Gettysburg,  July  3, 1863. 
His  arm  was  torn  off,  and  can  be  seen  on  the  ground  near  his 
musket,  and  entirely  separated  from  his  body.  The  shell  also  com- 
pletely disemboweled  the  poor  fellow,  and  killed  him  so  quick 
that  he  never  knew  what  struck  him.  Think  of  a  battlefield 
covering  nearly  twenty-five  square  miles,  and  covered  with 
thousands  of  dead,  many  of  them  mangled  even  worse  than  this 
one  aod  you  can  have  a  faint  idea  of  Gettysburg  in  the  early  days 
of  July,  1863. 

2391.  Wounded  Trees  at  Gettysburg. 

Some  idea  of  the  fierceness  of  the  battle  can  be  had  by  observ- 
ing these  trees  near  Gulp's  Hill.  The  marks  of  bullets  and  shell 
can  be  counted  by  the  hundreds.  AH  through  the  woods  the  trees 
were  marred  in  this  manner.  Many  trees  were  shot  down  as 
though  cut  with  an  axe. 

2288. 

burg.  It  is  a  very  charac"teristVc"^iew,"an'd 'gives  "a  good  idea' of 
how  the  "Johnnie  Rebs"  looked.  They  were  nearly  all  clothed 
in  a  grey  or  butternut  homespun  cloth,  and  there  were  hardly 
two  suits  alike  in  a  whole  regiment;  however,  "a  man  is  a  man 
for  a'  that."  These  "  Johnnies  "  were  royal  good  fighters. 


Three  "  Johnnie  Reb"  Prisoners. 

shows  three  "  Johnnies  "  who  were  captured  at  Gettys- 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


6718.     Atlanta,  Georgia,  Just  after  its  Capture. 

This  is  a  view  near  the  Railroad  Depot  in  Atlanta,  just  after  the 
city  was  captured  by  General  Sherman.    Uncle  Sam's  baggage 
trains  and  the  "  boys  in  blue  "  are  a  strange  sight  to  the  inhabi- 
tants of  Atlanta. 
746.  A  Canvas  Pontoon  Bridge. 

This  is  the  point  on  the  North  Anna  River  near  Jericho  Mills 
where  the  Fifth  Corps  crossed  in  May,  1864.  On  this  side  of  the 
river  is  seen  the  pontoon  wagons,  and  the  stacked  muskets  of 
some  of  the  troops.  On  the  other  side  the  troops  are  in  bivouac 
under  the  trees,  making  coffee.  The  stacks  of  muskets,  the 
soldiers  lying  on  the  ground,  the  smoke  from  the  various  little 
bivouac  fires,  combine  to  make  the  "  past  rise  before  us  like  a 
dream." 
1079.  Engineer  Corps  Building  a  Road. 

This  view  shows  a  detachment  of  the  50th  New  York  Engineers 
making  a  road  on  the  north  side  of  the  North  Anna  River,  near 
Jericho  Mills.  In  the  background  is  seen  the  ammunition  train 
of  the  Fifth  Corps  crossing  the  river  on  the  pontoon  bridge  built 
by  this  Engineer  Corps.  All  old  soldiers  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  remember  the  valuable  services  rendered  by  the  60th 
New  York  Engineer  Corps. 

755.  A  Confederate  Redout. 

This  is  an  exterior  view  of  a  Rebel  redoubt  on  the  south  bank 
of  the  North  Anna  River.  The  guns  of  this  redoubt  commanded 
the  Chesterfield  bridge.  The  Second  Corps  crossed  the  river  and 
captured  this  redoubt  May  23,  1864.  The  artillery  at  the  em- 
brasure, the  shelter  tents,  the  groups  of  soldiers  are  all  as  natural 
as  life. 

6669.  A  Block  House. 

This  Block  House  was  erected  for  the  protection  of  the  Knox- 
ville  &  Chattanooga  Railroad.  It  is  about  four  miles  from  Chatta- 
nooga. 

6175.    Dead  Confederate  Soldier  in  the  Trenches. 

(Nos.  6175,  6178,  6182,  6184,  6189  and  6190  are  entirely  different  seenes.) 

This  photograph  was  taken  April  2, 18G5,  in  the  Rebel  trenches 
at  Petersburg  just  after  their  capture  by  the  Union  troops.  The 
trenches  all  along  the  lines  were  found  to  contain  many  dead  Con- 
federates, and  this  view  is  but  one  of  many  that  was  made  by  the 
photographer  showing  the  dead  just  as  they  fell.  By  looking  at  a 
number  of  these  views  you  can  get  an  idea  of  how  a  long  stretch 
of  the  trenches  looked  that  day.  Of  course  the  camera  could  not 
take  but  a  small  section  within  the  scope  of  each  view.  You  will 
notice  that  no  two  of  the  dead  fell  in  the  same  position. 

6178.    Dead  Confederate  Soldier  in  the  Trenches. 


This  photograph  was  taken  April  2, 1865,  in  the  Rebel  trenches 
at  Petersburg  just  after  their  capture  by  the  Union  troops.  The 
trenches  all  along  the  lines  were  found  to  contain  many  dead  Con- 


federates, and  this  view  is  but  one  of  many  that  was  made  by  thi 
photographer  showing  the  dead  just  as  they  fell.  By  looking  at  a 
number  of  these  views  you  can  get  an  idea  of  how  a  long  stretch 
of  the  trenches  looked  that  day.  Of  course  the  camera  could  not 
take  but  a  small  section  within  the  scope  of  each  view.  You  will 
notice  that  no  two  of  the  dead  fell  in  the  same  position. 

6182.    Dead  Confederate  Soldier  in  the  Trenches. 

This  photograph  was  taken  April  2, 1865,  in  the  Rebel  trenches 
at  Petersburg  just  after  their  capture  by  the  Union  troops.  The 
trenches  all  alonij  the  lines  were  found  to  contain  many  dead  Con- 
federates, and  this  view  is  but  one  of  many  that  was  made  by  the 
photographer  showing  the  dead  just  as  they  fell.  By  looking  at  a 
number  of  these  views  you  can  get  an  idea  of  how  a  long  stretch 
of  the  trenches  looked  that  day.  Of  course  the  camera  could  not 
take  but  a  small  section  within  the  scope  of  each  view.  You  will 
notice  that  no  two  of  the  dead  fell  in  the  same  position. 

6184.    Dead  Confederate  Soldier  in  the  Trenches. 

This  photograph  was  taken  April  2, 1865,  in  the  Rebel  trencnes 
at  Petersburg  just  after  their  capture  by  the  Union  troops.  The 
trenches  all  along  the  lines  were  found  to  contain  many  dead  Con- 
federates, and  this  view  is  but  one  of  many  that  was  made  by  the 
photographer  showing  the  dead  just  as  they  fell.  By  looking  at  a 
number  of  these  views  you  can  get  an  idea  of  how  a  long  stretch 
of  the  trenches  looked  that  day.  Of  course  the  camera  could  not 
take  but  a  small  section  within  the  scope  of  each  view.  You  will 
notice  that  no  two  of  the  dead  fell  in  the  same  position. 

6189.  Dead  Confederate  Soldier  in  the  Trenches. 

This  photograph  was  taken  April  2, 1865,  in  the  Rebel  trenches 
at  Petersburg  just  after  their  capture  by  the  Union  troops.  The 
trenches  all  along  the  lines  were  found  to  contain  many  dead  Con- 
federates, and  this  view  is  but  one  of  many  that  was  made  by  the 
photographer  showing  the  dead  just  as  they  fell.  By  looking  at  a 
number  of  these  views  you  can  get  an  idea  of  how  a  long  stretch 
of  the  trenches  looked  that  day.  Of  course  the  camera  could  not 
take  but  a  small  section  within  the  scope  of  each  view.  You  will 
notice  that  no  two  of  the  dead  fell  in  the  same  position. 

6190.  Dead  Confederate  Soldier  in  the  Trenches. 

This  photograph  was  taken  April  2, 1865,  in  the  Rebel  trenches 
at  Petersburg  just  after  their  capture  by  the  Union  troops.  The 
trenches  all  along  the  lines  were  found  to  contain  many  dead  Con- 
federates, and  this  view  is  but  one  of  many  that  was  made  by  the 
photographer  showing  the  dead  just  as  they  fell.  By  looking  at  a 
number  of  these  views  you  can  get  an  idea  of  how  a  long  stretch 
of  the  trenches  looked  that  day.  Of  course  the  camera  could  not 
take  but  a  small  section  within  the  scope  of  each  view.  You  will 
notice  that  no  two  of  the  dead  fell  in  the  same  position. 


173.         How  Sherman's  Boys  Fixed  the  Railroad. 

On  the  "  march  to  the  sea"  Sherman's  army  burned  the  bridges 
and  destroyed  the  railroads  as  they  went.  This  view  gives  a 
scene  of  the  destruction  of  the  W.  &  A.  R.  R.  The  rails  are  first 
torn  up,  then  the  wooden  ties  are  pried  out  and  piled  in  heaps 
and  burned;  the  iron  rails  are  laid  across  the  burning  ties,  and 
soon  get  hot  enough  in  the  middle  so  that  the  weight  of  the  ends 
hend  the  rail  up  as  here  shown.  Of  course  when  they  get  cold 
they  are  simply  good  as  "  old  iron." 

722.  Confederate  Soldiers  laid  out  for  Burial. 

Dead  soldiers  of  the  Rebel  General  Ewell's  Corps  killed  at 
Spottsylvania,  May  19,  1804.  The  dead  of  both  armies  were  col- 
lected and  buried  by  Union  troops  here.  The  Government  Pho- 
tographer accompanied  one  of  the  burial  details  and  obtained  a 
number  of  views  of  burying  the  dead. 

24O1.  "  The  Hero  of  Gettysburg." 

Old  John  Burns  has  been  celebrated  in  song  and  history  for  tho 
brave  part  he  voluntarily  took  in  the  great  fight.  He  was  an  old 
citizen  of  the  town  of  Gettysburg,  who,  when  the  battle  began, 
took  his  old  flint-lock  musket  and  went  into  the  Union  ranks  to 
fight  for  his  Country.  He  was  wounded  three  times  ;  this  picture 
was  taken  after  the  battle  as  he  sat  in  his  old  arm  chair  near  his 
cottage  door  recovering  from  his  wounds. 

2539.        Pontoon  Bridge  Opened  for  Steamers. 

The  pontoon  bridges  were  readily  opened  for  the  passage  of 
steamers.  A  few  or  the  pontoon  boats  were  slipped  from  their 
moorings  and  the  floor  timbers  loosened,  then  the  current  of  the 
river  would  sweep  the  few  boats  thus  loosened  around  out  of  the 
way,  and  so  made  a  draw-bridge.  When  the  steamer  passed 
through,  the  boats  were  quickly  drawn  back  into  place  and 
fastened. 

2542.         "Where  Prisoners  Were  Exchanged. 

This  is  Aiken's  Landing,  where  the  flag-of-truce  boat  from 
Richmond  came  to  discharge  her  cargo  of  poor,  starved,  and  often 
dying  Union  prisoners,  and  receive  in  exchange  the  same  num- 
ber of  healthy,  well-fed  Rebels  from  our  guards.  Two  or  three 
rough  old  canal  boats,  and  the  grim  old  monitor  there  at  anchor, 
but  above  all  the  glorious  old  stars  and  stripes,  and  on  the  shore  the 
loving  hearts  and  kindly  hands  of  friends;  so  our  poor  starved  boys 
called  it  "the  gate  into  God's  country." 

2557.  A  Pontoon  Boat  on  "Wheels. 

This  view  shows  two  of  the  boats  (of  which  the  army  bridge  is 
made)  on  wheels  ready  for  the  march.  Each  pontoon  wagon  is 
drawn  by  six  mules.  These  pontoons  were  always  getting  stuck 
in  the  mud,  and  the  soldiers,  struggling  elong  under  their  own 
burdens,  were  obliged  to  hnul  on  the  drag  ropes,  and  raise  the 
blockade.  Probably  no  soldier  will  see  this  view  without  being 
reminded  of  the  time  when  lie  helped  to  pull  these  pontoons  out 
of  the  mud,  and  comforted  himself  by  swearing  at  the  mules. 

2529.    Embalming  Building  near  Fredericksburg,  Va. 

This  old  barn  near  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  was  used  as  an  em- 
balming building.  Here  the  bodies  of  the  dead  soldiers  that  were 
to  be  sent  North  to  their  friends  were  embalmed.  More  than  a 
hundred  bodies  were  .sometimes  brought  here  in  one  day.  During 
the  first  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  in  December,  1802,  several 
hundred  bodies  were  here  at  one  time  to  be  embalmed. 

2531. 


Embalming  Surgeon  at  Work. 


This  view  shows  Dr.  Burr,  the  embalming  surgeon,  engaged  in 
the  process  of  embalming  a  dead  soldier.  The  veins  are  pumped 
full  of  some  liquid,  which  possesses  the  power  to  arrest  and  pre- 


vent decay.  Thus  it  was  made  possible  to  send  to  friends  in  the 
North  the  bodies  of  many  hundreds  of  soldiers,  which,  but  for 
the  science  of  embalming,  could  not  have  been  permitted  a  grave 
in  their  native  soil. 

157.      Building  a  Pontoon  Bridge  at  Beaufort,  S.  C. 

This  is  a  view  of  the  troops  engaged  in  building  a  pontoon 
bridge  across  Port  Royal  River,  at  Beaufort,  S.  C.,  in  March,  1802. 
Each  boat,  with  a  certain  number  of  timbers,  is  carried  on  a  large 
wagon,  and  when  needed,  is  brought  up  to  the  water's  edge, 
slipped  off  from  tlie  wheels  into  the  river,  anchored  parallel 
with  the  current,  and  followed  by  others  in  a  like  manner;  the 
timbers  are  soon  laid,  and  the  army  has  a  serviceable  bridge,  light 
and  strong. 

161.  A  Battery  of  "  Quaker  Guns." 

Sometimes  in  order  to  give  the  enemy  an  idea  that  we  had  more 
cannon  than  we  really  possessed,  our  troops  would  make  imita- 
tion cannon  out  of  big  logs,  and  mount  them  on  such  wheels  as  they 
could  get  hold  of.  At  a  distance  these  resembled  a  battery  of 
artillery,  and  so  served  their  purpose  in  deceiving  tho  enemy. 
This  mock  battery  was  made  by  the  7'.)th  New  York,  at  Seabrook 
Point,  Port  Royal  Island,  S.  C.,  December,  1861. 

6661.  I,  ill  ii  Lake  on  Lookout  Mountain. 

This  beautiful  little  lake  is  on  the  celebrated  Lookout  Mountain. 
It  is  a  charming  spot.  A  story  is  told  illustrating  the  wHI-known 
tendency  of  Southern  people  to  tell  how  grand  everything  was  in 
the  South  "befoh  the  wall."  One  evening  since  the  war,  a  North- 
ern party  were  sitting  on  the  bunks  of  this  little  lake,  admiring 
the  perfect  loveliness  of  the  scene.  One  of  the  Northern  gentle- 
men said  that  the  reflection  of  the  moon's  rays  from  the  rnirror-like 
surface  of  the  lake  was  simply  perfect,  that  nothing  could  be  more 
lovely.  A  Southern  lady  after  listening  to  their  many  praises 
of  the  wonderful  beauty  of  the  moon  reflected  from  the  lake, 
sighed  sadly  as  she  replied,  "ah!  yes,  it's  very  pretty,  but  you 
ought  to  have  seen  it  'before  the  war.'" 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


6051.  Fort  Sum  tor  after  the  Bombardment. 

(Numbers  6051  and  6052  are  entirely  different  scenes.) 

This  is  a  view  of  a  portion  of  the  exterior  of  the  celebrated  Fort 
Sumter,  in  Charleston  Harbor,  S.  C.  The  heavy  batteries  on 
Morris  Island  aided  by  a  fleet  of  Monitors,  gave  this  fort  a  terrible 
bombardment.  It  was.at  the  commencement  of  this  bombardment, 
a  handsome,  symetrical  fort.  Tnis  photograph  was  made  after  the 
bombardment,  and  shows  what  a  fearful  pounding  the  fort  has 
received :  in  fact  it  is  scarcely  more  than  a  mass  of  ruins.  Shot, 
shell,  and  dismounted  and  broken  cannon  are  scattered  about  like 
leaves  of  the  forest. 

6052.  Fort  Sumter  after  the  Bombardment. 

This  is  a  view  of  a  portion  of  the  exterior  of  the  celebrated  Fort 
Sumter.  in  Charleston  Harbor.  S.  C.  The  heavy  batteries  on 
Morris  Island  aided  by  a  fleet  or  Monitors,  gave  this  fort  a  terrible 
bombardment.  It  was,  at  the  commencement  of  this  bombardment, 
a  handsome,  symetrical  fort.  This  photograph  was  made  after  the 
bombardment,  and  shows  what  a  fearful  pounding  the  fort  has 
received;  in  fact  it  is  scarcely  more  than  a  mass  of  ruins.  Shot, 
shell,  and  dismounted  and  broken  cannon  are  scattered  about  like 
leaves  of  the  forest. 

6140.         Raising  the  Old  Flag  over  Fort  Sumter. 

April  14,  1865,  (four  years  from  the  day  the  Rebels  had  com- 
pelled Major  Anderson  to  haul  down  the  stars  and  stripes  from 
the  flag-staff  at  Fort  Sumter,)  Major  General  Anderson  raised  the 
same  nag  over  the  ruins  of  the  Fort,  now  again  in  possession 
of  the  United  States.  The  ceremony  was  of  most  intense  interest. 
Charleston  Harbor  was  filled  with  Uncle  Sam's  vessels  covered 
with  holiday  flags.  Great  crowds  thronged  Fort  Sumter.  Henry 
Ward  Beecher  delivered  the  oration.  At  a  given  signal,  amid 
booming  cannon,  and  with  the  bands  playing  the  Star  Spangled 
Banner,  Major  General  Robert  Anderson  ran  up  the  glorious  old 
flag,  and  ran  it  up  to  stay ;  a  perpetual  menace  to  treason  from 
within,  or  foreign  enemies  from  without.  "  Long  shall  it  wave." 

6649.  On  the  Battlefield  at  Stone  River. 

This  is  a  monument  erected  by  the  Veterans  of  Hazen's  Brigade 
in  memory  of  their  comrades  who  fell  here  in  the  battle  of  Stone 
River.  The  inscription  on  this  side  of  the  monument  reads: 
"  The  Veterans  of  Sniloh  have  left  a  deathless  heritage  of  fame  on 
the  field  of  Stone  River."  Then  follows  the  names  of  those  who 
were  killed,  with  dates,  &c.  This  view  will  be  much  prized  by  the 
comrades  or  that  army. 

1234.    English  Armstrong  Gun  in  Fort  Fisher,  N.  C. 

When  the  celebrated  Fort  Fisher  (which  was  situated  at  the 
mouth  of  Cape  Fear  River  and  was  the  cover  to  the  vast  amount 
of  blockade  running  into  Wilmington)  was  captured  by  General 
Terry  and  Admiral  Porter,  among  many  other  evidences  of  the 
friendship  of  England  for  the  Rebels,  there  was  found  one  of  the 
noted  Armstrong  guns,  made  only  for  the  English  Government, 
and  bearing  the  imprint  of  the  "  broad  arrow,"  or  Government 
brand  of  England.  This  is  a  view  of  the  Armstrong  gun  furnished 
by  the  English  haters  of  the  United  States  to  our  enemies  to  help 
destroy  us.  But  "John  Bull  "was  not  a  "bigger  man  than  old 
Grant,*'  and  the  "  Government  at  Washington  still  lives." 

6653.  Chattanooga,  Tenn. 

This  view  will  be  appreciated  by  many  comrades.  In  the  fore- 
ground is  the  Railroad  Depot  of  Chattanooga ;  a  group  of  Rebel 
prisoners  waiting  for  a  train  to  make  up  to  take  them  North.  In 
the  background  the  tent?  scattered  along  at  the  base  of  Lookout, 
and  looming  up  skyward  is  old  Lookout  Mountain,  where  Joe 
Hooker  and  nis  boys  fought  "  above  the  clouds." 

6672.    Camp  in  Monument  Garden,  Chattanooga. 

This  beautiful  vie>«  is  a  scene  looking  up  the  Tennessee  River. 
The  charming  camp  in  the  foreground  is  in  Monument  Garden, 
near  the  Indian  Mound ;  the  group  of  Soldiers  seem  as  though 


they  might  be  enjoying  themsel 
3649.       Where  General  McPhers 


i  was  Killed. 


This  is  the  place  on  the  battlefield  of  Atlanta,  Ga.,  where  the 
gallant  General  McPherson  was  killed,  in  July,  1864.  During  the 
fight  General  McPherson  rode  into  this  piece  of  woods  alone.  It 
so  happened  that  there  was  a  small  gap  at  this  point,  betweeu  the 
16th  and  17th  Corps,  during  the  severe  fighting.  McPherson  did 
not  know  of  this  fatal  gap,  and  he  rode  through,  directly  into  the 
enemy's  line.  The  skirmishers  of  the  Rebel  General  "Paddy 
Cleburne"  were  concealed  in  the  underbrush;  they  fired  and 
killed  McPherson.  He  fell  from  his  horse  at  this  spot;  the  horse 
dashed  back  into  our  lines,  and  the  General's  aides  seeing  his 
horse  riderless,  charged  into  the  woods  and  recovered  the  General's 
body,  driving  off  the  vandals  who  were  robbing  him  of  his  watch 
and  money. 
6619.  Waiting  for  Exchanged  Prisoners. 

This  is  the  Federal  flag-of-truce  steamer  "  New  York,"  waiting 
at  Aiken's  Landing,  on  the  James  River,  for  the  Rebel  flag-of- 
truce  boat  from  Richmond,  with  a  load  of  Union  prisoners  for  ex- 
change. And  what  an  exchange  it  was.  The  Union  soldiers  just 
from  Rebel  prison  pens;  starved  and  often  too  weak  to  walk,  many 
of  the  poor  victims  had  to  be  brought  off  on  stretchers,  some  even 
were  dead  before  they  reached  this  place  of  exchange.  What  did 
the  Rebels  get  in  exchange;  man  for  man,  they  received  fat 
healthy,  welPfed,  and  well-clothed  Rebel  soldiers.  The  starving 
Union  soldiers  we  got  from  them  went  directly  into  hospitals 
or  to  their  graves;  the  Rebel  soldiers  they  got  from  us  went 
directly  into  their  army,  the  strongest  and  best  men  they  had. 
This  is  the  secret  of  the  horrible  treatment  our  soldiers  received 
in  Andersonville  and  other  prison  pens.  It  was  to  weaken  us,  and 
strengthen  themselves  that  prompted  them  to  starve  our  soldiers. 


3633. 


"  Old  Tecumseh  "  Himself. 


General  William.  T.  Sherman  was  familiarly  know  as  "Old 
Tecumseh,"  his  full  name  being  William  Tecumseh  Sherman. 
This  photograph  of  him  was  taken  in  the  Union  lines  before 
Atlanta,  July  19,  1864.  His  boys  will  be  glad  to  see  him  as  he 
looked  during  the  war. 


3626. 


General  Sherman  and  Staff. 


is  the  camp,  the  troops  drawn  up  in  line. 
Outer  Line  at  Nashville. 


This,  photograph  of  General  Sherman  and  his  Staff,  was  taken 
on  July  18, 1864,  on  the  lines  before  Atlanta,  Ga. 

367 1.  Preparing  for  the  "  March  to  the  Sea." 

This  is  the  last  train  of  cars  that  went  out  of  Atlanta  just  before 
Sherman's  troops  destroyed  the  railroad.  This  train  is  loaded 
even  on  the  roofs  of  the  cars,  with  families  fleeing  from  the  city. 

3631.          Sherman's  Men  Destroying  Railroad. 

After  the  capture  of  Atlanta,  and  just  before  the  "March  to  the 
Sea,"  General  Sherman's  men  destroyed  the  railroads  and  all 
public  property  that  could  be  of  value  to  the  enemy.  This  view 
shows  the  soldiers  engaged  in  destroying  the  railroad  and  burn- 
ing the  depots  and  store-houses.  This  photograph  is  a  familiar 
picture,  and  no  doubt  suggests  to  your  minds  the  words  of  the  old 
and  familiar  song: 

"So  ice  made  a  thoroughfare  for  Freedom  and  her  train, 
Sixty  miles  in  latitude ;  three  hundred  to  the  main, 
Treason  fled  before  us  for  resistance  was  in  vain, 
While  we  were  marching  through  Georgia." 

6646.         Federal  Camp  at  Johnsonville,  Tenn. 

This  js  a  view  taken  at  Johnsonville  the  day  before  its  evacua- 
tion, in  December.  1864.  In  the  foreground  is  the  depot  platform 
and  just  back  of  that  is  the  1st  Tennessee  Colored  Battery.  In 
the  background  is  the 

6639. 

This  photograph  was  taken  December  16, 1864,  and  shows  a  view 
on  the  outer  Tine  of  the  Union  army  at  Nashville.  The  long  line 
of  shelter  tents  as  far  as  the  eye  can  see,  the  stacked  arms,  the 
groups  of  soldiers,  all  combine  to  make  this  a  very  interesting  view. 

6652.         Railroad  Depot  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 

This  is  probably  as  familiar  a  scene  as  any  in  Nashville  to  the 
comrades  of  that  army.  The  long  line  of  U.  S.  Locomotives  give 
an  idea  of  the  vast  amount  of  freighting  necessary  to  supply  the 
Army  of  Tennessee. 

1291.    Confederate  Dead  at  Fort  Robinette,  Corinth. 

This  view  shows  dead  Confederate  soldiers  in  front  of  Fort 
Robinette,  Corinth,  just  as  "they  fell,  in  their  attack  on  the  fort. 
The  fort  is  seen  in  the  background,  on  the  left  of  the  picture. 

391.    The  Levee  at  Ticksburg,  Miss.,  February,  1864. 

This  is  a  view  of  the  famous  Vicksburg  Levee ;  photographed 
in  February,  1864. 

645.      Pickett  Station,  Blackburn's  Ford,  BuU  Run. 

This  is  a  reserve  picket  station  near  Blackburn's  Ford,  at  Bull 
Run.  The  advance  picket  is  stationed  a  short  distance  beyond 
this  reserve  station.  In  case  of  an  attack  the  advance  pickets 
commence  firing,  and  gradually  fall  back  on  the  reserve ;  then  the 
reserve  all  along  the  Tine  form  and  oppose  the  advance  of  the 
enemy  as  much  as  possible,  and  if  crowded  back,  they  retire 
slowly,  fighting  as  they  go ;  this  gives  time  for  the  army  to  form 
and  be  prepared  to  give  battle. 

740.       Hospital  at  Frederlcksburg,  Ta.,  May,  1864. 

This  is  one  of  the  hospitals  established  by  the  Sanitary  Com- 
mission, in  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  during  the  Wilderness  Campaign, 
in  1864.  The  wounded  are  from  Kearney's  Division,  and  are 
being  cared  for  by  the  noble  Sanitary  Commission. 

1199.     The  Ever  Welcome  Sanitary  Commission. 

In  the  history  of  all  the  world,  there  can  be  found  no  record  of 
so  grand  and  noble  an  organization,  as  the  United  States  Sanitary 
Commission.  It  had  its  branches  in  nearly  every  town  and  village 
during  the  war.  It  sent  its  members  (noble  women  and  men)  to 
every  battlefield;  it  saved  thousands  of  lives;  it  relieved  untold 
misery  and  suffering.  No  old  soldier  can  look  at  this  picture  with- 
out having  awakened  in  him  bright  memories  of  the  grand  old 
Sanitary  Commission,  blessed  of  God  and  man. 

2318.  The  Sally-port  and  Draw-bridge. 

Around  each  fort  is  a  line  of  "  abbatis,"  and  back  of  that  a  broad, 
deep  ditch,  or  moat,  partially  filled  with  water.  To  enable  the 
garrison  to  cross  this  ditch,  to  pass  in  and  out  of  the  fort,  there  is 
one  narrow  draw-bridge  at  the  sally-port  or  entrance  of  the  fort. 
When  an  attack  is  made,  the  bridge  is  lifted  or  drawn  inside  the 
fort,  like  a  gang-plank;  the  sally-port  is  then  closed  and  blocked, 
and  the  garrison  are  thus  protected  on  all  sides,  both  by  the  line 
of  "  abbatis,"  and  the  ditch  or  moat,  making  the  fort  like  an  island 
doubly  surrounded,— first  by  the  moat,  and  then  by  the  line  of 
"abbatis."  To  advance  on  this  fort  under  a  heavy  fire  from  these 
cannon,  to  stop  directly  before  the  muzzles  of  the  guns  and 
remove  this  line  of  "abbatis,"  while  men  were  falling  like  leaves 
on  every  side,  to  struggle  past  the  obstructions,  cross  the  slippery 
moat,  and  attempt  to  scale  the  walls  of  the  fort  in  the  face  of  a 
deadly  fire  from  the  well-protected  garrison,  required  brave  men, 
indeed,  for  the  attacking  party  were  far  more  likely  to  find  their 
graves  in  this  treacherous,  slippery  ditch,  than  they  were  to  scale 
the  walls  and  capture  the  fort. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


We  have  over  a  hundred  different  views  of  the  ruins  in  Richmond,  in 
April,  18G5.  We  select  from  these  a  few  to  give  some  idea  of  the  awful 
destruction  caused  by  the  Rebels  when  they  evacuated  the  city. 

626O.  Ruins  of  Richmond,  April,  1865. 

When  the  Rebel  army  were  forced  to  evacuate  their  Capitol  at 
Richmond,  they  set  fire  to  the  city,  exploded  the  powder  in  their 
magazines  and  did  their  worst  to  entirely  destroy  the  city.  The 
Union  troops  came  in  as  eonquerers  and  immediately  set  to  work 
with  a  will  to  extinguish  the  fires  and  save  as  much  of  the  city  as 
possible,  but  before  the  fires  could  be  quenched,  over  700  build- 
ings were  in  ruins.  This  is  a  view  of  the  depot  of  the  Richmond 
A  Petersburg  Railroad.  The  ruined  building  and  the  ruined 
locomotive  shows  what  destruction  war  brings. 

6258.  A  Crippled  Locomotive  in  Richmond. 

When  the  Rebel  army  were  forced  to  evacuate  their  Capitol  at 
Richmond,  they  set  fire  to  the  city,  exploded  the  powder  in  their 
magazines  and  did  their  worst  to  entirely  destroy  the  city.  The 
Union  troops  came  in  as  eonquerers  and  immediately  set  to  work 
with  a  will  to  extinguish  the  fires  and  save  as  much  of  the  city  as 
possible,  but  before  the  fires  could  be  quenched,  over  700  build- 
ings were  in  ruins.  This  is  a  view  of  the  depot  of  the  Richmond 
&  Petersburg  Railroad.  The  ruined  building  and  the  ruined 
locomotive  shows  what  destruction  war  brings. 

883.  Panoramic  View  of  Richmond. in  Ruins. 

This  view,  taken  in  connection  with  number  884,  form  a  very 
good  Panoramic  View  of  the  "burnt  district"  in  Richmond,  in 
lHG.r>.  These  two  views  are  from  the  old  Arsenal  looking  down  the 
James  River. 

884.  Panoramic  View  of  Richmond  in  Ruins. 

This  view,  taken  in  connection  with  number  883,  form  a  very 
good  Panoramic  View  of  the  "burnt  district"  in  Richmond  in 
1805.  These  two  views  are  from  the  old  Arsenal  looking  down  the 
James  River. 

6161.  Libby  Prison,  Richmond,  Va. 

This  is  a  view  of  the  infamous  Libby  Prison,  where  so  many  of 
our  Union  soldiers  suffered  and  starved  during  the  war.  It  would 
take  volumes  to  tell  the  story  of  Libby  Prison.  It  was  an  old 
tobacco  warehouse  which  the  'Rebels  converted  into  a  prison  for 
Union  soldiers.  There  is  not  a  Grand  Army  Post  through  all  our 
land  but  what  has  among  its  members  some  comrade  who  knows 
from  experience  just  what  a  "hell  hole"  this  place  was.  The 
building  has  now  been  torn  down,  and  if  the  spot  where  it  stood 
could  be  wiped  off  the  face  of  the  earth,  it  would  be  well. 


897. 


"  Castle  Thunder,"  Richmond,  Va. 


This  is  a  building  which  was  used  by  the  Rebels  as  a  prison  to 
confine  Union  soldiers.  Its  history  is  almost  as  damnable  as  that 
of  Libby  Prison.  The  horrors  of  both  "Ca«tle  Thunder"  and 
Libby  Prison  will  be  vividly  remembered  as  long  as  any  soldier 
who  was  therein  confined  shall  li 


6277.    Smoke-stack  of  the  Rebel  Ram  "  Virginia." 

This  is  the  smoke-stack  of  the  Rebel  Ram  Virginia,  and  shows 
how  our  batteries  peppered  the  ram  when  it  made  its  famous  raid 
down  the  river  and  attempted  to  run  by  our  batteries.  When 
Richmond  was  taken,  this  smoke-stack  was  found  at  the 
"Rocketts."  The  Rebels  had  taken  it  out  and  was  repairing  the 
ram  when  they  got  orders  to  evacuate  the  city.  The  ram  was 
blown  up  by  them  when  they  left. 


3618. 


Grave  of  General  J.  E.  B.  Stuart. 


The  Rebel  cavalry  General,  J.  E.  B.  Stuart,  is  well  remembered 
by  all  soldiers  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  This  is  his  grave  in 
Hollywood  Cemetery,  Richmond,  Va. 

3404.  Place  where  President  Lincoln  was  Assassinated. 

This  is  the  private  box  in  Ford's  Theater,  Washington,  where 
President  Lincoln  was  assassinated  by  John  Wilkes  Booth,  on  the 
night  of  April  14,  1805. 

3405.  The  Chair  Lincoln  sat  in  when  he  was  Shot. 

This  easy  chair  was  placed  in  the  private  box  in  Ford's  Theater, 
Washington,  specially  for  the  use  of  President  Lincoln,  who,  after 
the  wearisome  toil  of  the  day  liked  to  rest  himself  and  for  the 
time  forget  the  cares  of  State  by  watching  the  play  at  the  theater. 
It  was  while  sitting  in  this  chair  on  the  evening  of  April  14,  18f>5, 
that  the  cowardly  assassin  sneaked  into  the  private  box  and 
creeping  up  behind  the  noble  Lincoln,  fired  the  fatal  shot. 

6719.  Pickett  Station  near  Atlanta,  Ga. 

This  is  one  of  the  picket  posts  on  the  Union  lines  before  Atlanta, 
a  few  days  before  the  battle  of  July  22,  18f>4.  This  is  what  is  called 
the  "  reserve  post."  Slightly  advanced  from  this  position  is  the 
outside  line  of  our  pickets. 

827.     1st  Massachusetts  Cavalry  Camp  in  the  "Woods. 

This  is  a  view  of  companies  "C"  and  "  D,"  1st  Massachusetts 
Cavalry.  It  will  be  or  special  interest  to  survivors  of  those 
companies. 


3591.  General  Grant's  Horse,  "  Jeff  Davis." 

This  is  one  of  General  Grant's  favorite  horses ;  the  photograph 
was  taken  at  City  Point,  Va.,  in  March,  1865. 

306.  Refugees  Leaving  the  Old  Homestead. 

This  was  one  of  the  familiar  scenes  during  the  war.  Union 
families  were  persecuted  by  the  Rebels  and  '"bushwhackers," 
and  to  escape  this  persecution  and  probable  death,  they  would, 
when  pur  troops  came  near  enough  to  protect  them,  hastily  gather 
up  a  little  furniture,  pile  it  on  to  an  old  wagon,  and  bidding  good- 
by  to  their  home,  take  up  their  march  northward  toward  the  land 
of  freedom. 

657.    A  Negro  Family  coming  into  the  Union  Lines. 

A  characteristic  view  of  a  big  load  of  "  contrabands "  coming 
into  our  lines. 

619.  A  Cavalry  "  Orderly." 

One  morning  in  October,  18(12,  our  photographer  was  approached 

by  a  cavalry  "  orderly,"  with  the  request : 
"  Can  you  make  a  picture  of  my  horse  this  morning  ; " 
The   photographer  accommodated  the  soldier,  and   this  is  the 

view   clone  of  those  very  useful  soldiers,  the  Cavalry  "orderly" 


•A  one  of  those  very 
•  er  of  "  dispatches." 


2321.    Double-turrett  Monitor  "  Onondaga,"  in  the 
James  River. 

488.      Iron-clad  Gun-boat  "  Galena,"  Showing  the  effect 
of  Rebel  Shot. 

This  is  a  view  of  the  United  States  Gun-boat  "Galena"  after  her 
fight  with  Fort  Darling,  on  Drewey's  Bluff,  James  River,  in  July, 
1802.  The  "Galena"  is  an  iron-clad,  but  the  shot  and  shell  from 
the  Rebel  guns  have  pierced  her  armor  in  various  places. 

1O3.    U.  S.  Frigate  •'  Pensacola,"  off  Alexandria,  Va. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  war  these  great  Frigates  were  the 
most  powerful  ships  of  war  known,  but  the  little  Monitor  came 
and  revolutionized  the  navies  of  all  the  world.  This  is  a  view  of 
Frigate  "Pensacola,"  laying  in  the  Potomac  Itiver,  off  Alexandria, 
Va.,  in  June,  1801. 

2541.    Gunboat  "  Meiidota,"  in  James  River,  near  Deep 
Hot  t., in,  1864. 

2547.     U.  S.  Steamer  "  Massasoit,"  in  James  River,  1864. 


2467. 


The  Rebel  Ram  "  Atlanta.' 


482.        Hundred-pounder  Gun  on  Rebel  Steamer. 

This  view  shows  the  hundred-pounder  rifle-gun  on  the  Rebel 
blockade-runner  "Teazer"  captured  by  the  United  States  Gun-boat 
"Maritanza,"  July  4,  18G2. 


483. 


Effect  of  Yankee  Shell  on  the  "  Teaser.' 


The  Rebel  blockade-runner  "Teazer"  was  captured  by  the 
United  States  Gun-boat  "Maritanza,"  July  4,  1802.  This  view 
shows  a  portion  of  the  deck  of  the  "Teazer,"  and  how  the  shells 
from  Uncle  Sam's  Gun-boat  smashed  things. 

3413.    Admiral  Dahlgren  and  Staff  on  the  "  Pawnee." 

The  "Pawnee"  was  called  the  fighting  ship  of  the  navy.  This 
is  a  view  of  Rear  Admiral  Dahlgren  and  Staff  on  the  deck  of  the 
"  Pawnee  "  off  Charleston,  S.  C. 

1130.    Magazine  in  Rattery  Rodgers,  on  the  Potomac. 

1140.     Fifteen-inch  Gun  in  Battery  Rodgers  on  the 
Potomac. 

1151.        Sling-Cart  for  Moving  Heavy  Cannon. 

These  immense  sling-carts  are  used  for  moving  heavy  cannon. 
The  wheels  have  double  spokes  and  very  broad  heavy  tires.  Some 
idea  of  the  size  of  these  immense  wheels  can  be  formed  by  com- 
paring their  height  with  that  of  the  officer  who  stands  near. 
It  will  be  noticed  that  although  he  is  a  tall  man,  yet  his  head 
only  comes  up  to  about  the  hub  of  the  wheel. 

6717.  On  the  Lines  near  Atlanta. 

This  is  the  "Potter  House"  on  the  Rebel  lines  near  Atlanta. 
The  sharpshooters  of  the  enemy  posted  themselves  in  the  upper 
rooms  and  on  the  roof  of  this  house  overlooking  the  Union  lines, 
and  thus  greatly  annoying  our  troops  and  killing  many  of  our 
men,  during  the  battle  of  July  22, 1864.  Finally  a  battery  of  light 
artillery  was  brought  up,  and  quickly  made  the  house  untenable 
for  sharpshooters  or  anyone  else. 

259O.  General  Grant's  Horse  "  Cincinnati." 

This  is  one  of  General  Grant's  favorite  horses;  the  photograph 
was  taken  at  City  Point,  Va.,  in  March,  1865. 

6064.    Water  Battery  of  Fort  Johnson,  James  Island,  S.C. 

This  view  shows  the  Water  Battery  of  Fort  Johnson,  looking 
towards  the  celebrated  Fort  Sumter.  Fort  Sumtcr  can  be  seen  in 
the  distance. 

6077.       Ruins  of  Secession  Hall,  Charleston,  S.  C. 

This  Secession  Hall  (as  it  was  called)  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  was 
the  birth-place  of  the  Rebellion,  for  here  it  was  the  first  ordinance 
of  Secession  was  passed.  This  view  shows  the  ruins  of  Secession 
Hall  as  it  appeared  when  the  Union  troops  took  possession  of  the 
city.  Adjoining  the  hall  is  shown  the  ruins  of  the  Central  Church, 
and  in  the  background  is  seen  St.  Phillip's  Church. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


577.  Independent  Pennsylvania  Battery  "  E  " 

(Knapp's  Battery.) 

This  is  a  view  of  the  well-known  Knapp's  Battery,  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  at  Antietam,  Md.,  Sept.,  1862.  This  view  was  taken 
shortly  after  the  great  battle  of  Antietam. 

587.  Army  Blacksmith  and  Forge,  Antietam,  Sept.,  1862. 

Each  battery  of  artillery  and  each  squadron  of  cavalry  were 
provided  with  a  Forge,  mounted  on  heavy  wheels,  similar  to  a 
piece  of  Artillery.  This  Forge  travelled  with  the  Army,  and  the 
Artificer  in  charge  of  the  Forge  attended  to  shoeing  the  horses, 
and  repairing  the  iron-work  of  the  gun-carriages  and  baggage- 
wagons.  He  always  had  plenty  of  business,  and  this  view  shows 
him  engaged  in  shoeing  the  horses. 


602.  President  Lincoln  and  Gen.  McClellan  in 

McClellan's  Tent. 

After  the  battle  of  Antietam,  Sept.  17,  1862,  President  Lincoln 
visited  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  this  view  shows  the  Presi- 
dent and  "Little  Mac"  in  McClellan's  tent  at  Headquarters  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  Antietam,  October  4, 1862. 

787.    Cowan's  (First  N.  Y.)  Battery  before  Petersburg,  Va. 

This  view  shows  Cowan's  Battery,  in  position,  in  captured  Rebel 
works  on  the  Petersburg  line.  Although  this  view  is  not  as 
clear  as  we  wish  it  was,  yet  we  publish  it  in  response  to  numerous 
requests. 

2413.  Near  view  of  a  "  Sibley  "  Tent. 

Early  in  the  war  the  soldiers  were  much  more  comfortably  shel- 
tered than  they  were  as  the  war  progressed.  This  view  shows  a 
"Sibley"  tent  mess;  these  "Sibley"  tents  were  nice  large  tents, 
and  could  comfortably  hold  from  ten  to  fifteen  men.  When  the 
Army  moved  up  the  Penninsula  (from  camp  Winfield  Scott,  before 
Yorktown,)  early  in  the  Spring  of  1862,  we  bade  farewell  to  our 
comfortable  large  tents,  and  thereafter  each  soldier  carried  his 
house  on  his  back.  From  the  Spring  of  1862  till  the  end  of  the 
war  we  lived  in  "  dog  tents  "  or  shelter  (?)  tents  as  the  government 
miscalled  them. 


9  83.     Troops  dret 


.  up  In  Hollow  Square  to  Witness 
an  Execution. 


This  view  was  taken  before  Petersburg  in  1864,  and  shows  the 
troops  formed  in  a  hollow  square  to  witness  the  execution  of  a 
negro  soldier  named  Johnson,  who  was  hanged  on  this  scaffold, 
by  order  of  a  general  Court-martial,  having  been  convicted  of  an 
attempted  rape  of  a  white  woman,  whose  house  was  within  the 
Union  lines  near  here,  but  whose  husband  was  in  the  Rebel  army. 

1045.       Winter  Quarters  of  the  Rebel  Army,  at 

Manassas,  Va.,  1863. 

During  the  winter  of  1861—1862  the  Rebel  army  of  Northern  Vir- 
ginia were  in  winter  quarters  near  Manassas,  Va.,  and  this  is  a 
view  of  their  quarters,  which,  by  the  way,  were  much  better  than 
either  army  were  accustomed  to  have  during  the  later  winters  of 
the  war. 

2568.        Signal  Tower  on  the  Line  before  Peters- 
burg, Va.,  1864. 

On  our  more  permanent  lines  tall  towers  were  erected  on  high 
and  commanding  positions.  From  the  top  of  these  towers  our 
signal  corps  could  transmit  messages  by  means  of  waiving  of  flags 
by  day  and  torches  by  night.  These  were  in  plain  sight  of  the 
enemy,  but  were  utterly  unintelligible  to  them,  as  the  messages 
were  ail  in  cipher;  the  very  men  who  were  waving  the  flag  did 
not  know  the  tenor  of  the  messages  they  transmitted;  they  of 
course  knew  how  to  wave  their  flags  so  as  to  make  certain  given 
figures,  but  they  did  not  know  what  those  figures  meant.  Only 
the  Officers  of  the  signal  corps  had  the  "  key  "to  the  cipher.  The 
members  of  the  signal  corps  were  brave  and  cool  as  any  soldiers 
who  were  doing  the  fighting,  for  when  the  lines  of  battle  were 
shifting,  the  signal  corps  was  pushed  away  out  at  the  front  where 
they  could  better  observe  the  movements  of  the  enemy,  and  trans- 
mit intelligence  to  the  generals;  they  had  to  post  themselves  in 
tree-tops  or  on  house-tops,  in  most  exposed  positions,  and  were 
constantly  made  the  target  for  sharpshooters.  When  our  troops 
were  sorely  pressed,  sometimes  a  message  from  the  little  flags  was 
like  an  inspiration,  telling  of  reinforcements  coming  to  our  help. 

3679.    Fort  McAllister,  on  the  Ogechee  River,  Ga. 

This  was  a  very  strong  Rebel  fort ;  it  was  captured  by  Sherman's 
boys  who  made  a  splendid  assault  and  charge,  and  carried  it  by 
storm.  This  view  is  on  the  river  side  of  the  fort,  and  shows  a  sig- 
nal man  on  the  parapet,  and  a  steamer  approaching. 

2564.      General  Wright,  Commander  of  the  "  Bloody 
Sixth  Corps." 

The  old  Sixth  corps  were  too  well  known  to  need  an  introduc- 
tion, but  the  survivors  of  that  brave  organization  will  be  g-lad  to 
take  a  look  at  their  old  commander,  Gen.  Wright,  and  the  old 
headquarters  flag,  which  could  always  be  found  where  the  fight 
was  hottest. 


217. 


Non-commissioned  Officers'  Mess,  Co.  "  D  " 
93d  New  York  Infantry. 


This  view  was  taken  at  Bealton,  Va.,  in  August,  1863,  and  if  any 
of  the  members  of  this  Company  are  now  living  they  will  doubt- 
less appreciate  the  scene. 


Troops  Crossing  the  Rappahann 
a  Pontoon  Bridge. 


nock  River  on 


This  view  shows  the  troops  crossing  the  Rappahannock  River 
at  Germania  Ford,  May  4, 1864. 


486.    The  Original  "Monitor"  after  her  Fight  with 
the  "Merrimac." 

This  view  shows  part  of  the  deck  and  turret  of  the  "  Monitor  ;  " 
near  the  port-hole  can  be  seen  the  dents  made  by  the  heavy  steel- 
pointed  shot  from  the  guns  of  the  "Merrimac."  As  the  old  war 
time  ditty  has  it: 

"The  Rebel  shot  flew  hot,  but  our  boys  they  answered  not, 
Till  they  got  within  a  distance  they  called  handy  ; 

Then  says  Worden  to  his  crew,  boys,  let's  see  what  we  can  do, 
And  up  spoke  little  Yankee  Doodle  Dandy." 

"  The  Rebels  shook  their  head,  and  to  one  another  said, 
The  bottom  of  this  river  is  quite  sandy, 

We  had  better  turn  about,  and  for  Norfolk  quick  set  out, 
For  we  have  found  the  very  Devil,  in  this  little  Yankee  Doodle 
Dandy." 

214.  "Hard  Tack." 

There  is  no  necessity  to  tell  the  "boys"  what  this  is;  they  all 
remember  the  old  chorus  of  the  old  army  song  about  "  Hard  Tack  :  " 

"Many  days  we  have  crunched  you  until  our  jaws  are  sore, 
Oh  !  "Soft  Bread"  come  again  once  more." 

2510.    Fort  Simmer,  near  Fair  Oaks,  Va.,  1862. 

This  is  a  view  ol  our  light  field-works  on  the  Chickahominy, 
near  Fair  Oaks,  in  June,  1862.  The  men  are  at  the  guns  ready  to 
receive  the  attack  and  the  infantry  are  hurrying  into  line  on  the 
right  and  left  of  the  battery. 

804.    Making  Coffee.    On  the  Lines  before  Peters- 
burg, Va.,  1864. 

This  view  gives  a  glimpse  of  the  bomb-proofs  in  which  our  sol- 
diers tried  to  live,  during  the  long  siege  at  Petersburg,  1864—  1865; 
the  camp-fire  and  the  coffee-kettle  look  as  familiar  as  in  those 
days  of  yore. 

49O.    Crew  of  the  Original  "  Monitor  "  on  her  deck. 

This  view  shows  the  crew  of  the  orginal  "  Monitor"  on  the  deck 
of  that  world  famous  little  "  cheese  box  on  a  raft,"  as  the  Rebels 
contemptuously  called  her,  until  she  showed  them  how  easy  she 
could  lick  their  famous  "  Merrimac."  The  honest  Jack  Tars  here 
seen  can  always  congratula'te  themselves  that  they  took  part  in 
the  famous  fight  which  revolutionized  the  navies  of  all  the  world. 

6181.    Dead  Rebel  Artillery  Soldiers,  Petersburg,  Va., 
April  2.  1865. 

This  is  a  view  of  some  dead  Rebel  artillerymen,  as  the  photog- 
rapher found  them,  in  the  works  at  Petersburg,  the  morning  the 
place  was  carried  by  our-  troops,  by  assault.  The  one  in  the  fore- 
ground has  on  belt  and  cartridge  box  probably  taken  from  some 
Union  prisoner,  as  the  letters  U.  S.  are  seen  on  the  plate. 

6180.    Dead  Rebel  Artillery  Soldier,  Petersburg,  Va., 
April  2,  1865. 

This  is  a  dead  Rebel  artilleryman  in  the  works  at  Petersburg; 
his  uniform  is  gray,  trimmed  with  red,  signifying  that  he  belonged 
to  the  artillery.  The  blood  is  pouring  out  of  a  wound  in  his  head, 
and  his  face  is  all  covered  with  blood. 

1245.          Railroad  Battery  before  Petersburg. 

This  is  another  battery  on  General  Grant's  Military  Railroad, 
operated  the  same  as  the  mortar  "Dictator"  shown  in  view 
No.  831.  The  heavy  cannon  is  mounted  on  a  very  strong,  special- 
made  car,  protected  with  a  roof  of  railroad  iron.  The  car  is 
readily  moved  along  the  line  and  the  cannon  is  fired  whenever 
required  ;  it  is  thus  made  very  effective  and  annoying  to  the 
enemy,  for  it  is  something  like  the  Irishman's  flea,  "when  they 
put  their  hand  on  it,  it  amt  there  ;  "  in  other  words,  when  they 
turn  the  fire  of  their  batteries  on  the  Railroad  Battery,  our  boys 


hitch  on  to  the  car  and  run  it  along  out  of  the  line  of  fire,  and 
commence  pegging  away  again.    By  the  time  the  "  Johnnie 
find  out  where  the  Railroad  Battery  is,  and  get  the  range 


smash  it,  "  it  aint  there  "  again  ;  the  boys  run  it  along  to  a  new 
stand  for  business. 

799.  The  Execution  of  Mrs.   Surratt   and  the  Lincoln 

Assassination  Conspirators. 

This  view  shows  the  interior  of  the  Arsenal  in  the  Navy  Yard 
at  Washington,  with  the  scaffold  arranged  for  the  execution.  On 
the  scaffold  are  Mrs.  Surratt  and  the  three  other  condemned  con- 
spirators listening  to  the  reading  of  the  death  warrant. 

[These  two  views  (This  view  and  No.  800)  comprise  a  scene  of 
much  historic  interest.  They  were  made  by  having  two  separate 
cameras  set  to  photograph  the  scaffold.  When  the  warrant  was 
being  read  one  camera  was  used  and  this  view  was  taken  ;  then 
when  the  drop  was  sprung  the  second  camera  was  used,  and  so 
the  entire  scene  of  such  tragic  interest  was  photographed.] 

800.  The  Execution  of  Mrs.   Surratt  and  the  Lincoln 

Assassination  Conspirators. 

This  view  shows  the  drop  sprang  and  Mrs.  Surratt  and  the 
other  three  conspirators  hanging. 

[These  two  views  (This  view  and  No.  799)  comprise  a  scene  of 
much  historic  interest.  They  were  made  by  having  two  separate 
cameras  set  to  photograph  the  scaffold.  When  the  warrant  was 
being  read  one  camera  was  used  and  that  view  was  taken  ;  then 
when  the  drop  was  sprung  the  second  camera  was  used,  and  so 
the  entire  scene  of  such  tragic  interest  was  photographed.] 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


6O8.  Burnside  Bridge,  Antietam,  Sept.,  1862. 

The  assault  and  capture  of  this  bridge,  September  17, 1862,  cost 
the  Union  array  the  lives  of  many  of  its  gallant  men.  The  history 
of  the  fight  at  this  point  is  well  worth  reading.  It  will  give  some 
idea  of  what  sacrifices  were  made  that  this  "Government  of  the 
people,  for  the  people,  and  by  the  people,  should  not  perish  from 
off  the  face  of  the  earth." 

2597.  "  It  is  the  Bean,  that  we  mean,  so  white  and  clean." 

As  the  "boys"  look  at  this  view  we  think  they  will  sniff  the  old 
familiar  aroma  of  bean  soup. 

4489.    Gen.  O.  R.  Paul,  shot  blind  at  Gettysburg. 

The  bullet  passed  in  at  one  eye  and  out  of  the  other. 

4634.     Commodore  J.   r,.  Worden. 

He  was  in  command  of  the  "Monitor"  when  she  whipped  the 
"  Merrimac." 

1494.    Francis  E.  Brownell,  ("Ellsworth's  Avenger.") 

Brownell  is  the  Zouave  who  was  next  to  Col.  Ellsworth  when 
he  was  assassinated  by  the  Rebel  landlord  of  the  Marshall  House 
in  Alexandria;  as  soon  as  Jackson  fired  the  shot  which  killed 
Ellsworth,  Brownell  shot  Jackson  and  followed  up  the  shot  with 
a  bayonet  thrust,  sending  his  bayonet  entirely  through  Jackson's 
body.  The  crape  which  Brownell  wears  on  his  left  arm  is  the 
military  badge  of  mourning  for  his  Colonel,  Ellsworth. 

1546.    «,«>n.  John  A.  1  >i  v. 

Author  of  the  famous  order  v  "If  any  man  pulls  down  the 
American  Flag  shoot  him  on  the  spot." 

947.    General  U.  S.  Grant. 

This  photograph  was  taken  just  before  the  close  of  the  war.  It 
is  the  best  photograph  of  General  Grant  ever  taken. 

2209.    Gen.  1'hil.  Kearney.    Photograph  taken  in  1862. 

General  Kearney  was  shot  dead  during  the  Battle  of  Chantilly, 
Sept.  1st,  1862.  This  photograph  was  taken  in  July,  1862. 

1312.    Abraham  Lincoln,  President.    Photograph  taken 
in  1864. 

1453.    Jeff.    Davis.     Photograph  taken  soon    after   his 
capture. 

1613.    Gen.  G.  A.  Custer.    Photograph  taken  in  1864. 

2612.    Gen.  J.  B.  McPherson,  killed  before  Atlanta,  Ga., 
July  22,  1864. 

1642.    "  Little  Mac."    Photograph  taken  in  1862. 

2177.    "Uncle  John  Sedgwick,"  (Commander  of  the  Sixth 
Corps.    Killed  at  Spottsj  1  vania,  Va.) 

2088.    Gen.  Robert  E.  Lee.     Gen.  G.  W.  Lee.     Col.  Wal- 
ter Taylor. 

2090.  Gen.  Robert  E.  Lee. 

2O77.  Gen.  Thos.  J.  Jackson,  ("  Stonewall.") 

5292.  Admiral  Farragut. 

2O22.  Gen.  G.  H.  Thomas,  ("  the  Rock  of  Chickamauga.") 

2O02.  Get*.  W.  T.  Sherman,  ("  Old  Tecumseh.") 

1864.    Lieut.  Commander  \V.  B.  Cushing,  who  blew  up 
the  Rebel  Ram  "  Albermarle." 

1757.    Gen.  G.  K.  Warren,  Commander  of  the  Fifth 
Corps. 

1321.    Gen.  N.  P.  Banks. 

2243.    Gen.  W.  F.  (Baldy)  Smith,  Commander  of  the 
Bloody  Sixth  Corps. 

3845.     Gen.  H.  W.  Halleck. 

2211.     Gen.  Lew  Wallace. 

2208.     Edwin  S.  Stanton,  Lincoln's  Secretary  of  War. 

132.  Dinner  Party  at  Headquarters  Army  of  Potomac, 
April,  1864. 

137.    Headquarters  3d  Army  Corps,  (Capt.  Bates'  Quar- 
ters) April,  1864. 

163.     General  I.  I.   Stevens    and    Staff,   Beaufort,   S.   C., 
March,  1862. 

223.    Camp  in  the  woods  near  Culpepper,  Va.,  Nov.,  1863. 
6056.    Exterior  view  of  Fort  Sumter,  S.  C. 

This  view  shows  how  this  famous  fort  was  battered  by  the  Union 
batteries,  and  also  shows  the  method  adopted  by  the  Rebels  to 
protect  the  walls  against  the  shot  and  shell. 


248.    Trossel's  House,  Gettysburg,  July  4,  1863. 

The  9th  Massachusetts  battery  of  light  artillery  were  stationed 
in  the  yard  and  barnyard  at  Trossel's  place.  Some  idea  of  the 
awful  tide  of  battle  which  they  met  there  can  be  inferred  from 
the  fact  that  of  the  88  horses  of  their  battery,  65  were  killed. 
This  view  shows  where  one  of  their  guns  stood.  This  battery  did 
most  valiant  service  here  that  day.  They  held  the  fearful  charge 
in  check  until  our  lines  could  be  re-formed  to  successfully  meet 
and  repel  the  attack. 

19OO.    General  John  A.  Logan. 

1922.    "Fighting  Joe  Hooker." 

"  Fighting  Joe  Hooker,"  as  he  was  called,  was  appointed  in  com- 
mand of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  January  25, 1803,  succeeding 
Burnside.  He  was  himself  succeeded  by  Gen.  Meadc,  June  27, 1863. 
This  Photograph  was  taken  just  before  he  started  with  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac  after  General  Lee  up  into  Pennsylvania.  General 
Hooker  was  born  in  Hadley,  Mass.,  November  13, 1814,  and  died 
in  Garden  City,  N.  Y.,  October  31, 1879. 

1955.    Major  General  Francis  C.  Barlow. 

2358.    Union  Siege  Artillery  "  In  Park  "  at  Yorktown. 

241O.    Camp  of  the  31st  Penn.  at  Queens  Farms,  Va. 
Fort  Slocum  in  the  distance. 

This  view  shows  the  style  of  camps  in  vogue  in  the  early  part 
of  the  war.  The  tents  are  what  was  known  aa  "  Sibley's,"  large 
and  comfortable ;  later  in  the  war  the  troops  had  what  was  called 
"shelter  tents,"  or  in  the  Western  army  called  "  dog  tents." 

2419.    Review  of  Col.  Dwight's  "Excelsior  Brigade." 
2443.  Headquarters  lOth  Army  Corps,  Hatchies  Run,  Va. 
2483.    Belle  Plain  Landing,  Va.      A  Picturesque  Scene. 
2492.    Evacuation  of  Port  Royal,  Va.,  May  3O,  1864. 

2551.    Bomb-proof  Quarters  of  Major  Strong,  at  Dutch 
Gap,  Va.,  July,  1864. 

3491.    "Mounting    Guard"    in    Fort    Wagner,    Morris 
Island,  S.  C. 

3494.    Fort  McAllister,  Georgia. 

This  view  shows  the  ground  over  which  Sherman's  boys  charged 
when  the  fort  was  captured. 

35O7.    Stockade  on  Morris  Island  where  Rebel  Prisoners 
were  confined. 

The  Rebel  authorities  in  Charleston  placed  the  Union  prisoners 
in  confinement  under  fire  of  the  Union  batteries.  When  the 
Union  authorities  learned  of  this  treatment  of  our  prisoners,  they 
notified  the  Rebels  that  unless  our  prisoners  were  removed  to  a 
place  of  safety,  the  Rebel  prisoners  in  our  hands  would  be  con- 
fined in  a  stockade  on  Morris  Island,  where  they  would  be  under 
fire  of  the  Rebel  batteries  in  and  about  Charleston.  As  the  Rebel 
authorities  did  not  heed  this  warning,  this  stockade  was  built 
and  the  Rebel  prisoners  were  confined  here  for  a  time,  under 
fire  of  their  own  batteries. 

3763.    "  If  any  one  attempts  to  haul  down  the  American 
Flag,  shoot  him  on  the  spot." 

This  is  a  photograph  of  the  famous  letter  written  by  Gen.  Dix, 
which  contains  his  celebrated  order  as  above  quoted. 

6006.    Fort  Saunders,  Knoxville,  Tenn. 

6221.    Bomb-proof  in  the  Rebel  line  at  Petersburg,  Va. 

6244.     View  of  the  James  River,  looking  east  from  Libby 
Prison  Hill. 

^8O.     Gen.  Ward,  Gen.  Mott,  Col.  Austin,  Col.  Brewster 
and  Col.  Farnham,  2d  Division, 
3d  Corps,  Oct.,  1863. 

6612.     General  Hospital  at  City  Point,  Va. 

6624.    Picturesque  view  on  the  James  River  near  Dutch 
Gap  Canal. 

476.     Waiting  for  the  Attack. 

This  view  shows  a  battery  of  Union  artillery  in  position,  near 
Mrs.  Clark's  house,  Fair  Oaks,  Va.,  June  27, 1SG2. 

653.    Gen.  Sedgwick,  Colonel   Sackett   and   Lieutenant- 
Colonel   Colburn,  Harrison's  Landing,  Va., 
August,   i  si;:;. 

1049.    General  Burnside  and  Staff,  November,  1862. 

1467.    Gen.  George  G.  Meade,  Commander  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac. 

General  Meade  commanded  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  from 
June  27,  1803,  till  the  close  of  the  war.  The  celebrated  battle  of 
Gettysburg  was  fought  under  his  command,  and  there,  as  else- 
where, he  proved  to  be  a  sure  and  safe  commander;  he  is  well 
remembered  by  all  of  the  old  hoys  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
who  survive  him;  he  was  horn  in  Cadiz, Spain,  December  31,  Isl5, 
and  died  in  Philadelphia,  Penn.,  November  G,  1872. 

1551.    General  Don  Carlos  Buel. 
17O2.     General  Daniel  E.  Sickles. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


List  of  Large  Views. 

The  following  named  views  (on  pages  10, 11, 12  and  13)  are  NOT  stereoscopic,  tut  are  mounted  SINGLE  on  handsome, 
round-cornered,  red-bordered  "  mounts "  9  s  11  inches  in  size. 

The  Price  of  tie  Views  named  on  paps  10, 11, 12  and  13  is  75  cents  each,  or  $8,00  per  dozen, 


If  you  want  STEREOSCOPIC  views  you  must  order  them  from  the  lists  on  pages  2, 3, 4, 5,  6,  7, 8  and  9, 

If  you  want  views  mounted  SINGLE,  9x11  inches  in  size,  you  must  order  them 

from  the  lists  on  the  following  pages :  (10,  11,  12  and  13.) 

In  a  few  cases  -we  happen  to  have  a  view  of  the  same  subject  in  both  sizes,  for  example :  you  will  note  on  page  7 
among  the  stereoscopic  list,  that  No.  6161  is  a  view  of  Libby  Prison:  you  will  also  find  in  the  9  x  11  list  on  page 
13,  No.  7557,  is  Libby  Prison. 

It  happens  in  this  way:  when  the  photographers  were  taking  this  picture  they  made  two  "negatives"  of  the 
same  scene ;  one  of  the  "negatives  "  is  a  stereoscopic  (4x7,)  and  the  other  " negative  "  is  a  single  (9x11;)  therefore 
we  can  supply  that  particular  view  either  in  stereoscopic  (4  x  7)  or  single  (9  x  11 ;)  there  are  also  a  few  other  views 
on  the  lists  which  we  can  furnish  in  either  size  as  desired  ;  but  we  cannot  take  a  9  x  11  "  negative  "  and  make  a 
stereoscopic  (4  x  7)  view  from  it,  nor  vice  versa ;  we  are  thus  explicit  about  this,  because  heretofore  we  have  had 
much  trouble  caused  by  persons  who  order  stereoscopic  views  from  the  list  of  large  views,  or  large  views  from  the 
list  of  stereoscopic. 


The  following  named  views  were  photographed  near  Rappahannoch 
Station,  Virginia,  during  the  early  part  of  the  year  1864. 

7461.    Camp  of  50th  New  York  Engineers. 

7290.    Sutler's  Hut,  5Oth  New  York  Engineers. 

7293.    Quarters  of  Field  and  Staff,  50th  N.  Y.  Engineers. 


The  following  named   views   were  photographed  near  Culpepper, 
Virginia,  during  the  autumn  of  the  year  1863. 

7334.  Battery  "A"  4th  U.  S.  Artillery. 

7245.  Battery  "M"  2d  U.  S.  Artillery. 

7501.  General  W.  H.  French  and  Staff. 

7071.  Offlcersof  80th  New  York  Infantry,  (2Oth  N.Y.S.M.) 


The  following  named  views  were  photographed  near  Brandy  Sta- 
tion, Virginia,  where  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  had  their  win- 
ter quarters  during  the  winter  of  1863—1864. 

7495.    Camp  at  Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

7352.  Colonel  Wilson,  Chief  Commissary. 
7611.    Band  of  114th  Penn.  Infantry. 

7613.    Guard  Mounting  of  114th  Penn.  Infantry. 

7308.  Camp  of  the  114th  Penn.  Vols.    Winter  Quarters. 
7625.    Camp  of  18th  Penn.  Cavalry. 

7389.  Company  "D  "  3d  Penn.  Cavalry,  (dismounted.) 

7353.  Camp  of  Military  Telegraph  Corps. 
74O2.  Provost  Marshals  of  3d  Army  Corps. 
7129.  Detachment  of  1st  U.  S.  Cavalry. 
7265.  Camp  of  6th  New  York  Artillery. 
73O1.  Field  Hospital,  1st  Division,  2d  Corps. 
7306.  Field  Hospital,  2d  Division,  2d  Corps. 
7632.  Field  Hospital,  of  3d  Division,  2d  Corps. 

7309.  Winter  Quarters  in  3d  Corps. 

7310.  Camp  of  U.  S.  Engineer  Battalion. 

70O5.    Quarters  of  Company  "  D  "  U.  S.  Engineers. 

7068.    Detachment  of  3d  Indiana  Cavalry;  Army  Head- 
quarters. 

7637.    Headquarters  1st  Brigade  of  Horse  Artillery  (pop- 
ularly called  "Flying  Artillery.") 

7157.    Winter  Quarters,  1st  Brigade,  Horse  Artillery, 

During  the  winter  of  1863—1864  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  in 
winter  quarters  near  Brandy  Station,  Va.  This  view  is  a  charac- 
teristic scene.  The  log  hut,  with  the  crevices  plastered  up  with 
Virginia  mud,  the  log  chimney  and  the  pork  barrel  on  top  of  it  to 
help  the  draft,— it  is  a  vivid  reminder  of  those  days  of  the  war. 


The  following  views  were  photographed  on  the  lines  before  Peters- 
burg, Virginia,  during  the  summer  of  1864,  and  the  winter 
of  1864—1866. 

7633.  Fort  Sedgwick. 

7534.  Bomb-proofs  in  Fort  Sedgwick. 

7487.  MaJ.  Eckert  and  Group  of  Military  Telegrapher*. 

7497.  General  Bnfus  Ingalls  and  Staff. 

7526.  General  O.  B.  Wilcox  and  Staff. 

7602.  Officers  of  114th  Penn.  Infantry. 

7447.  Company  "F"  114th  Penn.  Infantry. 

7348.  Company  "G"  114th  Penn.  Infantry. 

7263.  Company  "H"  114th  Penn.  Infantry. 

7384.  Company  "A"  U.  S.  Engineers. 

7570.  Company  "B"  U.  S.  Engineers. 

7568.  Company  "  C  "  U.  S.  Engineers. 

7548.  Company  "D"  U.  S.  Engineers. 

7295.  Company  "C"  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 

7392.  Company  "D"  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 

7391.  Non-commissioned  Officers,  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 

7439.  Essayons  Dramatic  Club,  U.  S.  Engineers. 

7543.  Camp  of  2d  Wisconsin  Infantry. 

7575.  Surgeons  of  the  2d  Division,  9th  Corps. 

7042.  Surgeons  of  the  3d  Division,  9th  Corps. 

7046.  Surgeons  of  the  4th  Division,  9th  Corps. 

7052.  Field  and  Staff  39th  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry. 

7445.    Non-commissioned  Officers    of  General    Grant's 
Escort. 

7298.     Camp  of  3d  Penn.  Cavalry,  Headquarters  Army 
of  the  Potomac. 

7059.    Headquarters  5Oth  New  York  Engineers. 

This  is  a  view  of  Colonel  Spaulding's  quarters.  Pine  boughs 
have  been  interwoven  into  a  handsome  design  for  the  front 
entrance.  Over  the  entrance  is  the  well-known  engineer  corps 
badge  woven  with  the  same  material.  Pieces  of  canvas  are 
stretched  over  the  ridge-pole,  and  this  completes  the  regimental 
headquarters.  Colonel  Spaulding  stands  in  the  doorway. 

7463.    Thirteen-inch  Mortar  "Dictator." 

This  large  sea-coast  mortar  is  mounted  on  a  special  flat-car 
made  very  strong  for  this  purpose.  This  mortar-car  is  on  General 
Grant's  military  railroad  at  Petersburg.  The  car  is  readily  moved 
along  the  line  and  the  mortar  is  fired  whenever  required ;  it  is 
thus  made  very  effective  and  annoying  to  the  enemy,  for  it 
something  like  the  Irishman's  flea,  "when  they  put  their  hand 
on  it,  it  ain't  there ; "  in  other  words,  when  they  turn  the  fire  of 
their  batteries  on  the  "  Dictator,"  our  boys  hitch  on  to  the  car  and 
run  it  along  out  of  the  line  of  fire  and  commence  pegging  away 
again. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


74OO.    Gen.  Robert  Nugent  and  Commanding  Officers  of 

Regiments  in  Irish  Brigade,  on  the 

Petersburg  Line. 

7339.    "John   Henry."     Contraband    at   Headquarters, 
Army  of  Potomac. 

7123.       Harper's  Ferry,  Maryland  Heights,  and  London 
Heights. 

7222.    Headquarters  of  Gen.  O.   II.  Wllcox,  In  front  of 
Petersburg,  August,  1864. 

7934.    Military  Telegraph  Wagon,  for  field  Telegraphy. 

Shows  the  Telegraph  operator  sending  a  message  from  the 
wagon. 

8O88.  On  the  Lines,  near  Atlanta. 

This  is  the  "Potter  House"  on  the  Rebel  lines  near  Atlanta. 
The  sharpshooters  of  the  enemy  posted  themselves  in  the  upper 
rooms  and  on  the  roof  of  this  house  overlooking  the  Union  lines, 
and  thus  greatly  annoying  our  troops  and  killing  many  of  our 
men  during  the  battle  of  July  22. 1864.  Finally  a  battery  of  light 
artillery  was  brought  up,  and  quickly  made  the  house  untenable 
for  sharpshooters  or  any  one  else. 

7303.  Second  Corps  Mail  Wagon. 

The  sight  of  this  wagon  coming  into  the  Camps  of  the  old  second 
corps  always  gladdened  the  hearts  of  the  boys.  It  came  loaded 
with  letters  from  home, — how  welcome  these  were,  none  but  the 
weary  and  heart-sick  soldiers  can  ever  know.  Some  letters  had 
to  be  returned  with  a  line  or  two  written  across  the  envelope,  like 
this:  "killed  yesterday,"  or,  "died  in  the  hospital  last  week," 
or,  "  missing." 

7557.  Libby  Prison,  Richmond,  Va. 

This  is  a  view  of  the  infamous  Libby  Prison,  where  so  many  of 
our  Union  soldiers  suffered  and  starved  during  the  war.  It  would 
take  volumes  to  tell  the  story  of  Libby  Prison.  It  was  an  old  to- 
bacco warehouse  which  the  Rebels  converted  into  a  prison  for 
Union  soldiers.  There  is  not  a  Grand  Army  Post  through  all  our 
land  but  what  has  among  its  members  some  comrade  who  knows 
from  experience  just  what  a  "  hell  hole  "  this  place  was. 

71 10.  Ruins  of  Richmond,  April  12,  1865. 

When  the  Rebel  army  was  forced  to  evacuate  their  Capitol  at 
Richmond,  they  set  tire  to  the  city,  exploded  the  powder  in  their 
magazines,  and  did  their  worst  to  entirely  destroy  the  city.  The 
Union  troops  came  in  as  conquerors  and  immediately  set  to  work 
with  a  will  to  extinguish  the  fires,  and  save  as  much  of  the  city  as 
possible,  but  before  the  fire  could  be  quenched,  over  700  buildings 
were  in  the  ruins.  This  is  a  view  of  a  portion  of  the  ruins. 


7258. 


Horrors  of  "War. 


A  Union  soldier  killed  by  a  shell  at  Gettysburg,  July  3,  18G3. 
His  arm  was  torn  off,  and  can  be  seen  on  the  ground  near  his  mus- 
ket, and  entirely  separated  from  his  body.  The  shell  also  com- 
pletely disemboweled  the  poor  fellow,  and  killed  him  so  quick  that 
he  never  knew  what  struck  him.  Think  of  a  battlefield  covering 
nearly  twenty-five  square  miles,  and  covered  with  thousands  of 
dead,  many  of  them  mangled  even  worse  than  this  one  and  you 
can  have  a  faint  idea  of  Gettysburg  in  the  early  days  of  July,  1863. 

7285.  Ambulance  Drill. 

This  view  shows  the  method  of  removing  the  wounded  from  the 
field  by  the  ambulance  corps.  In  no  previous  war  in  the  history 
of  the  world  was  so  much  done  to  alleviate  suffering  as  in  the  war 
of  1861—1865.  But  notwithstanding  all  that  was  done,  the  wound- 
ed suffered  horribly.  After  any  great  battle  it  required  several 
days  and  nights  of  steady  work  ere  all  the  wounded  were  gathered 
up,  and  no  pen  or  tongue  can  tell  how  they  suffered  while  waiting 
for  the  ambulance  corps. 

7055.  In  Trossel's  Barnyard,  Gettysburg. 

The  9th  Massachusetts  battery  of  light  artillery  were  stationed 
in  the  yard  and  barnyard  at  Trossel's  place.  Some  idea  of  the  aw- 
ful tide  of  battle  which  they  met  there  can  be  inferred  from  the 
fact  that  of  the  88  horses  of  their  battery,  05  were  killed.  This 
view  shows  where  one  of  their  guns  stood.  This  battery  did  most 
valiant  service  here  that  day.  They  held  the  fearful  charge  in 
check  until  our  lines  could  be  re-formed  to  successfully  meet  and 
repel  the  attack. 

7946.    Union  Dead  at  Gettysburg ;  killed  by  Cannister. 

A  group  of  Union  dead  on  the  right  of  the  Federal  lines  on  the 
first  day's  fight,  July  1,  1863.  These  soldiers  were  killed  by  one 
discharge  of  "cannister"  from  a  Rebel  gun  during  a  charge. 
"  Cannister"  is  a  tin  can  filled  with  small  balls  about  tne  size  or  a 
marble.  When  the  cannon  is  fired  the  force  of  the  discharge 
bursts  open  the  can,  and  the  shower  of  cannister  balls  sweep  every 
thing  before  it.  "Cannister"  is  used  at  short  range,  and  is  fear- 
fully effective. 

7212.    Rebel  Winter  Quarters  at  Centreville,  Va.,  1862. 

During  the  winter  of  1861—1862  the  Rebel  army  of  Northern  Vir- 
ginia were  in  winter  quarters  at  Centrevijle,  Va.,  and  this  is  a  view 
of  their  quarters,  which,  by  the  way,  were  much  better  than 
either  army  were  accustomed  to  have  during  the  later  winters  of 
the  war. 


7948.    President   Lincoln   and  Gen.    McClelhiu    in   Mc- 
Clellan's  Tent,  Antietam,  Oct.  3,  1862. 

During  the  visit  of  President  Lincoln  to  the  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac in  the  early  part  of  October,  1862,  several  views  of  the  Presi- 
dent were  obtained  by  the  photographer.  This  view  shows  the 
President  and  "  Little  Mac "  seated  in  General  McClellan's  tent 
with  maps  and  plans  on  the  table  before  them  discussing  the  sit- 
uation, October  3,  1862. 


7191. 


McLean's  House,  where  Lee  Surrendered. 


This  is  the  scene  of  General  Lee's  surrender  to  General  Grant, 
April  9,  1865.  It  was  within  this  house  owned  by  a  Mr.  McLean, 
and  situated  near  Appomattox  Court  House,  that  the  surrender 
was  signed.  This  great  historic  event  took  place  in  the  front 
room  on  the  left  of  the  door  as  you  enter  the  house. 

7926.    CoUecting  Remains  of  the  Dead,  Cold  Harbor. 

This  is  a  ghastly  view  showing  the  process  of  collecting  the  re- 
mains of  Union  soldiers  who  were  hastily  buried  at  the  time  of  the 
battle.  This  is  a  scene  on  the  battlefield  months  after  the  battle, 
when  the  Government  ordered  the  remains  gathered  for  perma- 
nent burial.  The  grinning  skulls,  the  boot  still  hanging  on  the 
fleshiest!  bones,  the  old  canteen  on  the  skeleton,  all  testify  to  the 
hasty  burial  after  the  battle.  Looking  on  this  scene  you-can  easi- 
ly understand  why,  in  all  National  cemeteries,  there  are  so  great 
a  number  of  graves  marked  "  unknown."  These  are  the  "  un- 
known" heroes  of  the  war,  who  "died  that  our  Nation  might 
live." 

7942.        Dead  Rebel  Sharpshooter  at  Gettysburg. 

In  their  attempt  to  silence  Hazlett's  Battery,  which  was  posted 
on  the  summit  of  Little  Round  Top,  the  Rebels  pushed  their 
sharpshooters  up  among  the  rocks  at  the  foot  of  Round  Top.  It 
was  a  shot  from  one  of  these  sharpshooters  that  mortally  wound- 
ed General  Weed,  who  was  directing  the  movement  of  his  troops 
from  the  summit  of  Round  Top.  Lieut.  Hazlett,  commanding  the 
battery  which  was  posted  there,  was  an  old  schoolmate  of  General 
Weed.  He  hastened  to  the  side  of  the  dying  General  to  take  his 
last  message,  when  he,  too,  fell  dead,  pierced  by  a  ball  from  the 
dreaded  sharpshooter.  Then  the  guns  of  the  battery  were  turned 
on  the  "  Devil's  den,"  as  it  was  aptly  called,  and  many  of  the 
sharpshooters  were  killed.  This  view  shows  one  of  them. 

7491.  Big  Round  Top,  Gettysburg. 

Two  hills  called  Big  Round  Top  and  little  Round  Top  formed 
the  left  of  the  Union  line  during  that  great  battle.  This  view 


gives  a  glimpse  of  Big  Round  Top.    The  stone  wall  in  the  fore- 
ground is  a  breastwork  ha  •-  ' 

July  2,  1863. 


lastily  constructed  by  the  Union  troops, 


7916.    Armory  Square  Hospital  Chapel,  Washington. 

Thousands  of  Army  of  the  Potomac  boys  will  remember 
Armory  Square  Hospital,  in  Washington.  This  scene  with  the 
beautiful  dome  of  the  Capitol  in  the  background  is  a  handsome 
souvenir  of  that  great  hospital,  where  so  many  of  the  "  boys  in 
blue  "  were  carried  from  the  battlefields  of  Virginia. 

7949.    President   Lincoln,    Major   Allen  Pinkerton  and 
Gen.  McClernard,  Antietam,  October,  1862. 

The  central  figure  in  this  scene  is,  of  course,  President  Lincoln. 
Comparatively  few  of  this  generation  have  any  clear  idea  how 
Mr.  Lincoln  really  looked.  This  view  is  a  valuable  and  rare 
picture ;  it  was  photographed  at  headquarters  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac, Antietam,  Md.,  October  3,  1862.  The  officer  in  uniform  is 
General  McClernard,  and  the  short,  rather  insignificant  looking 
man  on  the  other  side  of  President  Lincoln  is  Allen  Pinkerton, 
chief  of  secret  service,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  the  father  of 
the  now  famous  Pinkerton  Detectives.  In  the  army  he  was 
known  only  as  "  Major  Allen." 

7599.      Scouts  and  Guides,  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

A  large  number  of  brave  and  shrewd  men  were  employed  as 
scouts  and  guides  for  the  Army.  This  view  shows  a  group  of 
some  of  these  scouts  and  guides.  Photographed  April  2,  1864, 
Brandy  Station,  Va. 

7512.  Company  "A"  93d  N.  Y.  Infantry,  August,  1863. 
7453.      "     "B"     » 

7591.  "  "D" 

7455.  "  "E"  »  «  » 

7594.  «  "F"  "  "  " 

7459.  "  "G"  " 

7593.  "  "I"  "  " 

7009.  "  "K"  »  "  " 

7514.    "Drum  Corps"  "  "  " 

The  Company  views  of  the  old  93d  New  York,  are  so  clear  that 
any  survivor  of  that  well  know  regiment  can  pick  out  his  com- 
rades almost  as  well  as  if  they  were  in  line  before  him.  This 
view  was  taken  at  Bealton,  Va.,  in  August,  1863.  At  the 
request  of  the  New  York  Tribune  we  publish  these  company 
views  for  the  benefit  of  our  New  York  comrades  who  will  keenly 
appreciate  this  photographic  muster  of  the  old  regiment,  years 
after  most  of  the  veterans  of  the  old  93d  are  dead  ;  those  of  the 
regiment  who  still  survive  will  take  great  pleasure  in  "  looking 
backwards "  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  into  the  laoes  of 
their  comrades  of  the  war. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


The  following  named  uiews  were  photographed  near  Falmouth,  Vir- 
ginia, in  the  early  part  of  the  year  1863. 

7523.  Ambulance  Train  of  Engineer  Brigade. 

752O.  Drum  Corps  of  Gist  New  York  Infantry. 

7313.  Company  "I>"  Gist  New  York  Infantry. 

7554.  Company  "G"  Gist  New  York  Infantry. 

7556.  Company  "  K  "  Gist  New  York  Infantry. 

714O.  Company  "I"  6th  Penn.  Cavalry  (Rush's Lancers.) 


7740.    Non-commissioned   Officers,   13th  N.  Y.  Cavalry. 
775O.     Commissioned  Officers,  28th  Mass.  Infantry. 

7642.  Officers  of  the  60th  New  York.  ("Negative"  is 
slightly  damaged) 

4O46.  General  W.  H.  Slocum  and  Staff. 

4048.  I'liil.  Sheridan  and  his  Generals. 

4O57.  Old  "Tecumseh"  (Sherman)  and  his  Generals. 

4054.  General  Frank  I'.  Ulair  and  Staff. 

8093.  Keiiesaw  Mountain. 

7657.  Chain  Bridge,  Potomac  Kiver. 

7951.  President  Lincoln,  Oeii.  McClellaii,  and  a  large 
group  of  Officers  at  Headquarters  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  Aittietam,  Oct.  4,  1862. 

7112.  Camp  of  the  "Om-ida"  Cavalry,  Headquarters 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  March,  1865. 

7744.  Company  "V"  3d  Mass.  Artillery,  Fort  Stevens. 

7874.  Company  "  H  "  3d  Mass.  Artillery,  Fort  Lincoln. 

7O47.  Company  "Dv  149th  Penn.  Infantry,  Nov.  6,  1864. 

768O.  Gen.  Jeff.   C.  Davis  and  Staff. 

8680.  Group  of  Marines,  Washington  Navy  Yard,  April, 
1864. 

7715.    Home  of  the  Sanitary  Commission. 

7711.  The  Welcome  Visitor;  Sanitary  Commission 
Wagon. 

7750.    Officers  of  the  26th  Mass.  Infantry. 

7758.  Gen.  John  T.  Hartraiift  and  Staff,  (in  charge  of 
the  Lincoln  Assassination  Conspirators'  Exe- 
cution) July,  1865. 

789O.  Company  "K"  4th  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry,  Fort 
Lincoln,  Va. 

7927.     Frederickslmrg,  Va.,  December,  1862. 
7945.    Admiral  I).  D.  Porter,  on  deck  of  Flagship. 

7947.  General  IT.  S.  Grant.  A  very  fine  Photograph, 
May,  1865. 

7971.  Slaughter  Pen  at  foot  of  Little  Round  Top. 
Dead  bodies  of  the  slain  among  the  rocks. 

7507.  Head  quarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  near  Fair- 
fax, Va.,  June,  1863. 

7516.  General  Kilpatrick  and  Staff,  Stevensburg,  Va., 
March,  1864. 


7563.     Signal  T< 


7374.     Officers    of    the    Signal    Corps,    Warrenton,  Va., 
October,  1863. 

7468.     "  Major  Allen."     (This  is  tho  old  man  Allen  Pink- 
erton,  Cbief  of  the  Secret  Service.) 

8085.     Generals  of  the  Cavalry  Corps  ;  Sheridan,  Wilson, 
Gregg,  Davis,  Torbert  ami  Merritt. 

7818.    Battery  "M"  9th  New  York  Artillery. 

(This  was  formerly  the  Twenty-second  New  York  Battery.) 

7419.    The  "Lincoln  Gun"  at  Fortress  Monroe,  Va.,  De- 
cember 3,  1864. 

7938.  93d  New  York  Infantry,  at  Autietam,  Md. 

8112.  Missionary  Ridge. 

8118.  Lookout  Mountain. 

7672.  JZdN.Y.  Artillery,  (Co.  "F")  at  Fort  C.  F.  Smith. 

7673.  2d  N.  Y.  Artillery,  (Co.  «L")  at  Fort  C.  F.  Smith. 
7675.  2d  N.  Y.  Artillery,  (Co.  "K")  at  Fort  C.  F.  Smith. 
7722.  Headquarters  13th  N.  Y.  Cavalry,  Prospect  Hill. 

7735.  13th  N.  Y.  Cavalry  on  Inspection,  Prospect  Hill. 

7736.  Signal  Station  of  13th  N.  Y.  Cavalry,  Prospect  Hill. 


7912.    The  Rebel  Ram  "Stonewall"    after  her  capture. 

744O.    A  view  in  Fort  Fisher,  North  Carolina,  just  after 
its  capture,  1865. 

8000.  FortSumter,  August  13,  1863,  showing  effect  of 

"trial  shots." 

8001.  Fort  Sumter,  August  23,  1863,  showing  effect  of 

"  bombardment." 

8018.    The  "  Swamp  Angel "  on  Morris  Island,  S.  C. 

8O21.    Headquarters  of  "Field  Officer"  in  the  Trenches, 
Morris  Island.  S.  C. 

8023.  A  "  full  sap  "  in  the  Trenches,  Morris  Island,  S.  C. 

8053.  General  Grant  and  Staff  at  Cold  Harbor. 

701O.  17th  N.  Y.  Battery,  near  Washington,  June,  1 863. 

7517.  Company  "  C  "  41st  N.  Y.  Infantry,  Manassas,  Va. 

7252.  Generals  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

7349.    Major  H.  W.  Sawyer  and  Staff,  Commanding  Camp 
Stoneman,  D.  C..  March,  1865. 

76O3.    Gen.  Pleasonton   and  Staff,  Warrenton,  Va.,  Oc- 
tober, 1863. 

7374.    Officers  of  Signal  Corps,  Headquarters  Army   of 
the  Potomac,  Warrenton,  Va.,  October,  1863. 

7388.    Company  "D"  149th  Penn.  Infantry,  Nov.,  1864. 

7401.    Surgeon  Hawks  50th  New  York  Engineers,  Nov- 
ember, 1864. 

7464.     Officers  of  4th  Penn.  Cavalry,  Westover  Landing, 
Va.,  August,  1862. 

7477.     Officers  of  50th  Penn.  Infantry,  Fort  Craig,  July, 
1865. 

7479.    Officers  of  Company  "  F  "  2d  New  York  Artillery. 

7486.    Officers  of  3d  Penn.  Artillery,  Fortress  Monroe, 
Va..  Dec.,  1864. 

7503.    8th  U.  S.  Infantry,  Provost  Guard,  Fairfax  Court 
House,  Va.,  June,  1863. 

7531.    Officers  of  61st  New  York  Infantry. 

7545.    Headquarters   6th   Corps,   near  Yellow   Tavern, 
Va.,  February,  1865. 

7559.      Officers  of  17th  New  York  Battery,  June,  1863. 
7605.    Captain  Alexander,  80th  New  York  Infantry. 

7403.    Captain    E.   A.  Flint,   1st  Mass.    Cavalry,  Head- 
quarters Army  of  the  Potomac,  November,  1864. 

7182.    "Hard  Tack   and   Salt  Hoss,"  Cedar  Level,  Va., 
August,  1864. 

7178.  Officers  of  4th  New  York  Artillery. 
7185.  Officers  of  13th  New  York  Cavalry. 
7253.  Sergeants  of  3d  Mass.  Artillery,  Fort  Totten,  Va. 

7261.    Commissioned   Officers   3d  Mass.  Artillery,  Fort 
Totten.  Va. 

7267.    Field  and  Staff  69th  Penn.  Infantry. 

7282.  Officers  of   Companies  "F"    and  "K"    3d  Mass. 

Artillery,  Fort  Stevens,  Va. 

7283.  Company  "F"  2d  New  York  Artillery. 

7025.    Dress  Parade  of  the  50th  Penn.  Infantry,  Gettys- 
burg, Pa.,  July,  1865. 

7035.    Officers  of  63d  New  York  Infantry. 

7O58.    Dress  Parade  of  the  3d  Penn.  Artillery,  Fortress 
Monroe,  Va.,  Dec.,  1864. 

7371.    General  Custer  and  General  Pleasonton,  1862. 

These  two  Generals  were  well-known  cavalry  officers  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac. 

7383.    Grape-vine   Bridge   on  the  Chickahominy  River, 
June  18,  1862. 

This  well-remembered  corduroy  bridge  was  built  by  the  sol- 
diers during  the  peninsula  campaign. 

7886.    Interior  of  an  Army  Hospital,  1864. 

This  view  shows  the  interior  of  one  of  the  wards  ("K  ")  of  the 
well-known  Armory  Square  Hospital,  Washington,  D.  C. 

7382.    General  Burnside  and  Staff. 

This  is  a  view  of  General  A.  E.  Burnside  and  Staff  taken  in 
December,  1862,  a  short  time  after  the  disastrous  battle  of  Fred- 
ericksburg. 

7426.    Blockade  Runner  "Teazer"  after  her  capture. 

The  blockade  runner  "  Teazer  "  was  captured  by  the  Union  gun- 
boat "Maritanza"  July  4,  1862.  This  is  a  view  of  the  " Teazer " 
soon  after  her  capture. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


This  battery  was  (at  the  date  above  given)  the  heavies 
f  artillery  ever  mounted  in  the  world  ;  it  consisted  of 


7816.  The  Sutler's  Tent. 

The  "dearest  spot"  to  the  soldier  was  the  sutler's  tent.  The 
sutler's  goods  were  so  dear  that  it  took  all  of  a  soldier's  pay  to  keep 
him  in  condensed  milk  and  tobacco. 

7963.  "Old  Tecumseh"  and  Staff. 

The  survivors  of  "  the  march  to  the  sea"  will  find  many  familiar 
faces  in  this  group.  General  William  Tecumseh  Sherman  and 
his  Staff,  photographed  in  July,  1864. 

81OO.    Alatoona  Pass,  Ga.,  where  "Hold  the  Fort"  orig- 
inated. 

This  is  a  view  of  the  famous  Alatoona  Pass,  and  the  fort  on  top 
of  the  hill  is  where  General  Corse  received  the  now  famous  mes- 
sage from  Gen.  Sherman  to  "  Hold  the  Fort." 

7519.    Camp  Scene  on  the  Famunky  River,  1862. 

The  camps  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  covered  many  square 
miles.  This  is  a  picturesque  view  of  a  camp  at  Cumberland 
Landing,  on  the  Pamunky  River,  Va.,  in  May,  1862. 

80O6.    Three-hundred  pounder  on  Morris  Island. 

This  gun  had  its  muzzle  burst  off,  as  here  shown,  by  one  of  its 
own  shells,  which  exploded  just  as  it  left  the  muzzle  of  the  gun. 
As  the  gun  was  very  useful  it  was  roughly  repaired  by  chisseling 
off  the  roughest  parts  of  the  fracture,  and  then  it  was  used  as 
though  nothing  had  happened  to  it. 

8106.    "Where  General  McPherson  was  Killed  at  Atlanta. 

This  is  the  place  on  the  battlefield  of  Atlanta.  Ga.,  where  the 
gallant  Gen.  McPherson  was  killed,  July  22,  1864.  There  was  a 
small  gap  at  this  point,  between  the  16th  and  17th  corps;  McPher- 
son did  not  know  of  this  fatal  gap,  and  he  rode  through,  directly 
into  the  enemy's  line. 

7935.    Battery  No.  1,  before  Yorktown,  Va.,  April,  1862. 

t  battery 
of  five  100- 

pounder  and  two  200-pounder  Parrot  rifled  cannon;  this  battery 
was  the  wonder  of  the  whole  army,  and  was  visited  by  thousands 
of  persons  to  see  the  guns  fired.  The  shots  from  these  guns  were 
effective  in  hurrying  the  evacuation  of  Yorktown  by  the  Rebels. 
The  battery  was  manned  by  company  "B"  First  Connecticut 
Heavy  Artillery. 

7950.     General  Joe  Hooker  and  Staff,  June,  1863. 

"  Fighting  Joe  Hooker"  as  he  was  called,  was  appointed  in  com- 
mand of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  January  25,  1863,  succeeding 
Burnside.  He  was  himself  succeeded  by  Gen.  Meade,  June  27,  18<>3. 
This  Photograph  was  taken  just  before  he  started  with  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac  after  General  Lee  up  into  Pennsylvania.  General 
Hooker  was  born  in  Hadley,  Mass.,  November  13,  1814,  and  died 
in  Garden  City,  N.  Y.,  October  31,  1879. 

7367.        General  Meade  and  Staff,  October,  1863. 

General  Meade  commanded  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  from 
June  27,  1863,  till  the  close  of  the  war.  The  celebrated  battle  of 
Gettysburg  was  fought  under  his  command,  and  there  as  else- 
where, he  proved  to  be  a  sure  and  safe  commander  ;  he  is  well  re- 
membered by  all  of  the  old  boys  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  who 
survive  him  ;  he  was  born  in  Cadiz,  Spain,  December  31,  1815,  and 
died  in  Philadelphia,  Penn.,  November  6,  1872. 

7969.       Little  Bound  Top,  Gettysburg,  July,  1863. 

It  has  been  said  that  if  Little  Round  Top  had  not  been  there 
the  Union  army  would  have  lost  the  great  battle  of  Gettysburg; 
certain  it  is  that  it  was  a  most  important  point,  and  it  was  seized 
by  Vincent's  Brigade  of  the  Fifth  corps,  who,  under  the  personal 
command  of  General  Warren,  gained  the  hill  not  a  moment  too 
soon,  for  a  division  of  the  Rebels  were  hurrying  to  take  possession 
of  it  when  Warren  reached  the  summit.  It  made  for  the  Union 
army  an  impregnable  left  wing,  which  the  Rebels  tried  in  vain  to 
turn. 

7964.  Union  Dead  on  the  Field  of  Gettysburg. 

This  photograph  was  taken  July  4,  1863,  and  it  gives  some  idea 
of  how  the  battlefield  looked  before  the  dead  were  gathered  up 
and  hurried.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  this  "negative"  has  un- 
dergone such  chemical  changes  that  the  picture  is  no  longer  as 
clear  as  could  be  desired,  but  as  this  is  so  realistic  a  scene  we 
know  that  it  will  be  appreciated  as  the  only  photograph  of  this 
part  of  the  field  now  in  existence,  with  the  dead  still  on  the  field. 
It  was  near  the  extreme  left  of  the  Union  lines. 

7824.       Long  Bridge,  Washington,  I>.  C.,  1864. 

All  soldiers  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  will  remember  Long 
Bridge.  The  sentinel  on  duty,  and  the  sergeant  of  the  -guard 
ready  to  examine  the  pass,  are  vivid  reminders  of  those  "  days 
that  tried  men's  souls"  when  we  "boys"  tried  to  get  over  to  Wash- 
ington on  a  "  French  Pass"  and  got  run  into  the  guard  house. 

7314.    Post-offlce,  Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

Letters  from  the  loved  ones  at  home  were  most  welcome  to  the 
soldiers,  and  the  Government  provided  as  good  iacilities  as  possi- 
ble for  the  mails,  but  sometimes  weeks  and  months  would  pass 
without  our  mail  finding  us;  when  it  did  come  there  would  be  a 
regular  feast,  for  it  would  bring  manv  letters  ;  the  only  sad  feature 
being  the  calling  out  of  a  letter  for  some  comrade  who  had  been 
killed.  This  Post-office  is  at  Falmouth,  Va.,  April,  1863. 


7268.  Army  "Wagon  Train  In  Park. 

The  supply  trains  of  the  great  army  numbered  thousands  of 
six  mule  teams  and  when  on  the  march  the  trains  would  stretch 
out  for  miles.  This  is  a  photograph  of  the  wagon  train  of  simply 
one  division  of  one  corps.  As  there  were  three  divisions  in  each 
corps,  and  there  were  many  corps  in  the  army,  some  idea  can  be 
had  of  the  immense  size  of  the  crams  by  looking  at  this  view. 
The  wagons  are  "parked"  in  this  way  so  they  can  be  more  readily 
guarded  from  a  "  raid  "  or  dash  by  the  enemy's  cavalry. 

71 6O.    Pontoon  Boat  on  wheels,  ready  for  the  march. 

The  army  carried  its  bridges  with  it,  ready  to  instantly  replace 
such  of  the  regular  bridges  as  were  destroyed  by  the  enemy. 
The  army  bridges  were  made  of  pontoon  boats,  like  this,  which 
were  anchored  in  the  river  in  a  line,  parallel  with  the  current,  so 
as  to  form  a  foundation  for  the  timbers  and  road-bed. 

7616.  "Castle  Thunder,"  Richmond,  Va. 

This  is  a  building  which  was  used  by  the  Rebels  as  a  prison  to 
confine  Union  soldiers.  Its  history  is  almost  as  damnable  as  that 


of  Libby  Prison.    The  horrors  o 


ry  is  almc 
f  both  " 


Castle  Thunder  "  and 


Libby  Prison  will  be  vividly  remembered  as  long  as  any  sole 
who  was  therein  confined  shall  live. 

794O.    Army  Blacksmith  and  Forge,  Antletam,  Septem- 
ber, 1862. 

Each  battery  of  artillery  and  each  squadron  of  cavalry  were 
provided  with  a  forge,  mounted  on  heavy  wheels,  similar  to  a 
piece  of  artillery.  This  forge  travelled  with  the  army,  and  tlie 
artificer  in  charge  of  the  forge  attended  to  shoeing  the  horses,  and 
repairing  the  iron-work  of  the  gun-carriages  and  baggage- wagons. 
He  always  had  plenty  of  business,  and  this  view  shows  him  en- 
gaged shoeing  the  horses. 

7040.    "  Hard  Tack'"  Acquia  Creek,  February,  1863. 

There  is  no  necessity  to  tell  the  "boys"  what  this  is;  they  all 
remember  the  chorus  of  the  old  army  song  about  "  hard  tack  :" 

"  Many  days  we  have  crunched  you  until  our  jaws  are  sore, 
Oh !  "  soft  bread  "  come  again  once  more." 

7796.  The  Execution  of  Mrs.    Surratt   and   the   Lincoln 
Assassination  Conspirators,  (Heading  the  warrant.) 

This  view  shows  the  scaffold  arranged  for  the  execution.  On 
the  scaffold  are  Mrs.  Surratt  and  the  three  other  conspirators  lis- 
tening to  the  reading  of  the  death  warrant. 

7797.  The  Execution  of  Mrs.   Surratt   and   the   Lincoln 
Assassination  Conspirators,  (Adjusting  tin-  noose.) 

This  view  shows  the  scene  on  the  scaffold  while  the  officers  are 
adjusting  the  nooses  around  the  necks  of  the  condemned. 

7798.  The  Execution  of  Mrs.    Surratt  and   the   Lincoln 

Assassination  Conspirators,  (The  drop.) 

This  view  shows  the  scaffold  just  as  the  drop  was  sprung;  Mrs. 
Surratt  and  the  other  three  conspirators  are  hanging. 

[These  three  views,  Nos.  7790,7797,  and  7708  comprise  a  scene  of 
much  historic  interest.  They  were  made  by  having  three  separate 
cameras  set  to  photograph  the  scattbld.  When  the  warrant  was 
being  read  one  camera  was  used  and  that  view  was  taken;  while 
the  ropes  were  being  placed  around  their  necks  another  camera 
was  used  and  that  scene  taken ;  then  when  the  drop  was  sprung 
the  third  camera  was  used,  and  so  the  entire  scene  of  such  tragic 
interest  was  photographed  clear  and  distinct.] 

7752.  Execution  of  Captain  Wirtz,  the  Keeper  of  Ander- 

sonville  Prison,  (Reading  the  warrant.) 

The  single  life  of  Captain  Wirtz  (the  notorious  and  brutal  keep- 
er of  that  awful  prison  pen  at  Andersonville)  could  never  atone 
for  his  many  crimes  against  humanity.  He  was  convicted  of 
brutally  murdering  helpless  Union  prisioners  at  Andersonville. 
He  was  sentenced  to  death.  Here  he  stands,  on  the  scaffold  in 
the  yard  of  the  Old  Capitol  prison  in  Washington,  listening  to  the 
reading  of  his  death  warrant. 

7753.  Execution  of  Captain  Wirtz,  the  Keeper  of  Ander- 

sonville Prison,  (Adjusting  the  noose.) 

This  view  shows  the  scene  on  the  scaffold  at  the  moment  the 
noose  is  being  adjusted  around  his  neck. 

7  755.    Execution  of  Captain  Wirtz,  the  Keeper  of  Ander- 
sonville Prison,  (The  drop.) 

This  view  shows  the  scene  on  the  scaffold  in  the  yard  of  the 
Old  Capitol  prison  in  Washington,  just  after  the  drop  fell,  and 
while  Wirtz  is  hanging. 

[These  three  views,  7752,  7753,  and  7755  comprise  a  scene  of 
much  historic  interest.  They  were  made  by  having  three  separate 
cameras  set  to  photograph  the  scaffold,  when  the  warrant  was 
being  read  one  camera  was  used  and  that  view  wa.s  taken;  while 
the  rope  was  being  placed  around  his  neck  another  camera  was 
used  and  that  scene  was  taken ;  then  when  the  drop  was  sprung 
the  third  camera  was  used,  and  so  the  entire  scene  of  such  tragic 
interest  was  photographed  clear  and  distinct.] 

7930.    Burnside  Bridge,  Antietam,  September,  1862. 

The  assultand  capture  of  this  bridge,  September  17, 1862,  cost 
the  Union  army  the  lives  of  many  of  its  gallant  men.  The  his- 
tory of  the  fight  at  this  point  is  well  worth  reading.  It  will  give 
some  idea  of  what  sacrifices  were  made  that  this  "Government  ol 
the  people,  for  the  people,  and  by  the  people,  should  not  perish 
from  off  the  face  of  the  earth." 


14  PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


THE  STEREOPTICON. 


Stcreopticons  arc  made  double,  and  single. 

A  double  stereopticon  produces  the  dissolving  view  effect  on  the  canvas ;  a  single  stereopticon  will 
not  produce  the  dissolving  view  etFect. 

A  .sv'rt//^' Htereopticon  makes  just  as  clear  and  good  and  just  as  large  a  view  on  the  canvas  as  the 
double  stereopticon  does,  except  that  it  does  not  produce  the  dissolving  effect. 

The  double  stereopticon  is  arranged  for  oxy-hydrogen  gas,  and  is  calculated  for  an  exhibitor  who 
intends  to  show  in  large  places  only.  Of  course  it  can  be  used  in  small  places  if  desired. 

The  single  stereopticon  is  arranged  for  both  oxy-hydrogen  gas  and  oil,  so  that  if  the  exhibitor  is  to 
show  in  an  opera-house  or  large  hall  he  can  use  oil  or  gas,  but  if  he  is  to  show  in  a  small  hall,  a  school- 
house,  or  church,  he  can  use  oil,  which  is  cheaper  than  gas. 

The  Avar  views  (or  "slides,"  as  they  are  called,)  which  are  used  in  the  stereopticon  are  made  on  glass, 
either  plain  or  colored,  as  desired.  We  refer  to  "slides"  made  from  our  real  original,  war  negatives, 
taken  during  the  war  by  the  Government  Photographer.  There  is  also  on  the  market  what  is  known  as 
"stock  slides,"  which  are  views  made  from  engravings  or  paintings,  and  are,  of  course,  imaginary 
scenes;  whereas  the  "slides"  made  from  our  real  war  photographs  are  accurate  and  realistic  views  of 
the  Avar  as  it  really  looked.  The  real  Avar  A'ieAv  "  slides  "  are  made  only  by  us  from  the  original photo- 
grapJiic  negatives,  and  only  for  our  exhibitors,  and  are  not  for  sale  by  dealers.  We  do  not  keep  a  supply 
of  the  Avar  "  slides  "  on  hand,  but  make  them  specially  to  order. 

In  making  up  an  assortment  of  "slides,"  it  is  well  to  have  about  one  in  five  colored.  A  good  outfit 
is  made  up  as  folloAvs  : 

Single  Stereopticon,  fitted  for  both  oil  and  gas,  $  55.OO 

54  Main" Slides"  ®  $1.5O  each,     ------  81.OO 

3  Statuary  Groups,  war  subjects,  @  75  cents  each,            -  2.25 

14  Colored  "Slides "©  $2.5O  each, 35.OO 

fifteen-foot  Curtain,  strongly  made,                _____  7.50 

10OO  Admission  Tickets, 1.5O 

1OOO  Reserved  Seat  Tickets,  with  coupon  checks,     -  1.75 

25O  Window  JIangcrs,  in  colors,      ______  4.OO 


Total  cost  of  outfit,  \cith  SINGLE  stereopticon  fitted  for  oil  and  gas,    -  -      $188.00 


fill  tie  outfit  we  furnisl  a  descriptive  tali  or  lecture  explaining  tie  war  scenes, 


When  you  get  well  started  Avith  the  single  stereopticon  outfit  you  will  soon  wish  to  have  a  double 
stereopticon,  so,  that  you  can  giA^e  the  dissolving  AUCAV  exhibitions  and  extend  your  business  to  large 
toAvns  and  cities  ;  all  that  Avill  be  necessary  for  you  to  do  will  be  to  purchase  another  single  stereopticon 
and  connect  it  Avith  the  one  you  have,  by  a  dissolving  key,  and  you  will  have  the  complete  dissolving 
vieAV  double  stereopticon.  The  other  stereopticon  Avill  cost  $55,  the  same  as  the  first  one,  and  you  will 
also  need  a  dissolving  key,  which  costs  8 12  ;  this  added  to  the  $  188,  Avhich  you  paid  for  the  single  stere- 
optieon  outfit,  makes  the  total  cost  of  outfit,  complete  Avith  double  dissolving  view  stereopticon,  $255. 
(The  "slides"  which  you  get  with  the  single  stereopticon  outfit  are  used  with  the  double  stereopticon 
also,  therefore  no  change  of  "slides"  need  be  made  Avhen  you  go  to  Avork  with  the  double  dissolving 
view  stereoptieon.) 

There  are  several  first-class  opticians  in  this  country  Avho  make  good  stereopticons.  We  have  spent 
considerable  time  in  examining  and  testing  various  makes  of  stereopticons,  and  we  haATe  come  to  the 
conclusion  that  the  "  Charles  Beseler"  is  the  best.  For  this  reason  we  use  it  ourselves  in  giving  our 
exhibitions,  and  recommend  it  to  any  one  who  desires  a  first-class  instrument  at  a  fair  price. 

Jf  any  one  wishes  to  exhibit  our  views  AVC  Avill  procure  for  him  a  "  Beseler  "  stereopticon.  We  Avill 
furnish  this  stereopticon  at  the  maker's  price.  It  cannot  be  got  one  dollar  cheaper  if  it  is  purchased 
direct  of  Mr.  Beseler.  We  Avill  procure  the  stereopticon  more  as  an  accommodation  to  our  agent  than 
as  a  matter  of  business,  in  order  that  Ave  may  forward  the  complete  outfit  all  together  and  ready  for 
exhibiting.  "NVe  do  not  make  a  business  of  dealing  in  stereopticons,  but  only  get  them  for  our  own 
agents.  Our  business  is  solely  the  war  view  business.  We  do  not  keep  stereopticons  in  stock,  but  will 
procure  one  if  ordered.  Our  OAVJI  stereopticon  is  a  "  Beseler,"  and  Ave  shall  be  pleased  to  show  it  to  any 
one  Avho  Avill  call  on  us.  If  you  have  a  preference  for  any  other  make,  get  whatever  style  and  make  you 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


prefer,  and  we  will  supply  the  balance  of  outfit.  We  recommend  the  "  Beseler,"  but  we  do  not  insist  that 
our  agents  shall  use  this  make  if  they  prefer  any  other.  All  we  ask  is  that  you  have  an  A  No.  1 
instrument. 

We  wish  to  have  our  war  views  brought  before  the  people  in  the  best  possible  style. 

It  is  not  only  for  our  interests  that  this  is  done,  but  for  the  interest  of  the  exhibitor.  If  our  agent 
gives  an  exhibition  in  a  town,  and  shows  the  public  a  fine  assortment  of  our  war  views  with  a,  first-class 
apparatus,  so  that  each  view  comes  out  on  the  canvas  clear  and  startlingly  realistic,  he  has  advertised  the 
exhibition  so  well  and  favorably  that  when  he  visits  that  town  again  he  is  of  course  assured  of  a  full 
house.  Our  own  experience  in  giving  the  exhibition  is  that  the  second  visit  to  a  town  pays  better  than 
the  first.  We  have  given  the  exhibition  in  some  places  five  times.  Repeated  invitations  to-  "come 
again  "  are  the  best  evidences  we  can  possibly  offer  as  to  the  real  merit  of  the  war  view  entertainment. 

But  if  an  exhibitor  has  a  cheap  lantern,  it  makes  no  difference  how  good  his  views  are,  he  cannot 
show  them  well,  and  the  result  is  that  he  not  only  does  not  make  much  money,  but  he  disgusts  the 
public  with  a  poor  show,  and  they  do  not  wish  to  see  him  again. 

These  are  facts  which  are  apparent  and  clear  to  everybody. 

One  great  advantage  which  a  stereopticon  exhibition  has  over  a  theatre  company  is  this  :  a  theatre 
company  must  have  a  large  stage  and  fine  scenery  or  they  cannot  give  a  real  good  show  ;  but  the  stere- 
opticon exhibitor  can  go  into  a  school-house,  if  he  has  room  enough  to  put  up  his  canvas,  and  can  give 
precisely  the  same  exhibition  that  he  would  give  in  a  magnificent  opera-house,  just  as  good,  just  the  same 
exactly  ;  therefore  the  man  who  has  a  first-class  stereopticon  outfit  can  go  to  small  towns  where  theatre 
companies  never  go,  and  consequently  where  the  people  are  sure  to  come  and  see  a  good  show  if  it  is 
given,  and  as  his  expenses  are  light  he  can  arrange  to  stay  two  nights  in  a  place.  The  first  night  he  will 
probably  get  only  a  small  audience,  but  he  shows  them  that  he  has  a  first-class  exhibition  ;  during  the 
next  day  those  that  were  there  the  first  night  spread  the  news  all  over  town  that  it  is  a  show  worth  see- 
ing, and  the  second  night  he  packs  his  house  full. 

Our  advice  then  is  this :  Commence  at  the  bottom  and  go  up  by  degrees,  as  you  get  the  business 
learned  in  all  its  details.  Don't  start  out  with  the  idea  of  giving  your  first  exhibitions  in  large  cities. 

Get  a  first-class  single  stereopticon  and  the  outfit  described  on  page  14  ;  exhibit  in  small  towns,  two 
nights  in  a  place,  until  you  get  thoroughly  posted  in  the  business,  then  get  another  single  stere- 
opticon and  put  the  two  together  with  a  dissolving  key,  and  you  have  a  complete  double  dissolving 
view  stereopticon,  capable  of  giving  the  very  best  possible  exhibition  in  any  opera-house  in  the  land. 

Occasionally  you  can  add  to  your  collection  of  views  another  set,  and  in  this  way  you  can  arrange  to 
visit  the  same  place  a  number  of  times.  Mr.  Stoddard,  Mr.  French,  and  others  of  the  most  successful 
exhibitors,  go  to  each  place  five  times  during  the  season  ;  that  is,  they  have  a  "  course  "  of  five  different 
exhibitions.  It  is  pleasanter,  cheaper,  and  more  profitable  to  have  a  small  circuit  and  go  over  and  over 
it  than  to  try  and  cover  so  much  ground  that  your  traveling  expenses  eat  up  half  of  your  profits. 

The  exhibition  of  the  war  views  on  canvas  in  such  a  vivid  and  realistic  way  creates  a  demand  for  the 
war  photographs.  Right  here  is  where  our  profit  comes  in.  Eacli  exhibitor  of  our  war  scenes  is  appointed 
our  agent  for  the  sale  of  these  war  photographs.  At  each  exhibition,  anywhere  from  five  to  fifty 
dozen  views  ought  to  be  sold,  according  to  the  size  of  the  place  you  show  in.  As  you  make  a  good  profit 
on  these  photographs  it  will  pay  you  to  employ  one  or  two  bright  young  men  in  each  place  to  act  as 
ushers  and  to  sell  the  views.  A  complimentary  ticket  for  his  girl  and  a  small  sum  of  money  in  payment 
for  his  services  will  generally  secure  all  the  help  you  need.  You  will  learn  all  these  details  of  the  busi- 
ness in  a  short  time,  and  when  you  have  become  perfectly  familiar  with  thorn,  then  is  the  time  for  you 
to  get  your  second  stereopticon  and  prepare  for  doing  a  larger  business.  We  will  furnish  a  printed 
descriptive  talk  about  each  view,  so  that  the  lecturer  can  have  the  scenes  all  arranged  to  come  on  the 
canvas  just  as  he  wants  them,  and  can  have  something  ready  to  say  about  each.  One  view  may  call  for  a 
pathetic  little  story,  another  view  is  best  described  by  a  funny  incident  of  army  life,  another  view  brings 
out  a  ringing  old  army  song,  and  so  the  evening  slips  uwtiy  before  your  audience  knows  it.  Every 
minute  is  occupied,  and  they  go  home  feeling  that  they  have  been  splendidly  entertained. 

If  you  can  come  to  Hartford  and  see  the  stereopticon  and  views,  we  would  like  to  have  you  do  so. 
If  they  are  not  exactly  as  represented,  we  will  pay  all  your  expenses  in  coming  here  and  returning 
home.  We  invite  you  to  consult  our  references  and  ascertain  that  we  are  a  reliable  company  and  that 
we  do  as  we  agree. 

Our  references  are  the  United  States  Express  Agent,  of  Hartford ;  The  Adams  Express  Agent,  of 
Hartford ;  The  Connecticut  Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Company  of  Hartford ;  The  Commander  of  the 
Department  of  Connecticut,  G.  A.  R. 

NOTICE.— There  are  many  hinds  of  CHEAP  Magic  lanterns  advertised.  They  are  USELESS  for  public  exhibi- 
tions, as  they  WILL  NOT  show  a  good  view  satisfactorily  to  an  audience.  They  are  mere  toys,  fit  only  to  amuse 
children.  Do  not  be  induced  to  order  a  magic  lantern  for  $1O,  or  iftlS;  you  will  not  get  a  satisfactory  apparatus. 
No  good,  reliable  instrument  can  be  made  for  such  a  price. 


[For  Illustrations  of  the  Stereopticon,  see  pages  16  and  17.1 


i6 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


The  Stereopticon  Exhibition  of  War  Views, 


This  cut  show's  the  interior  of  an  Opera  House,  and  illustrates  how  the  Stereopticon  is  used.  It  is 
placed  in  the  front  row,  center,  of  the  "  Dress  Circle."  From  here  the  operator  projects  the  scene  upon 
the  curtain  or  canvas  at  the  back  of  the  stage.  The  lecturer  stands  on  the  stage  (at  one  side,  so  as  not 
to  interfere  with  the  scene  on  the  curtain),  and  as  the  views  come  out  on  the  canvas  he  describes  each 
scene  to  the  audience.  The  cut  shows  the  Dissolving  View  Stereopticon ;  that  is,  two  stereopticons— 
"Beseler"  make— connected  with  a  dissolving  view  key.  The  dissolving  view  effect  is  produced  as 
follows :  the  cut  shows  that  the  scene  now  on  the  curtain  comes  from  the  lower  or  bottom  lantern.  In 
the  upper  or  top  lantern  is  another  view  ;  the  top  lantern  is  now  dark  ;  when  the  next  scene  is  to  appear 
on  the  curtain  the  operator  simply  turns  the  dissolving  key  and  thus  shuts  the  light  off  from  the  bottom 
lantern  and  turns  it  into  the  top  one  ;  this  of  course  causes  the  bottom  lantern  to  become  dark,  and  the 
view  now  seen  dissolves  out  of  sight,  while  the  other  view  in  the  top  lantern  comes  out  gradually 
till  it  is  strong  and  clear.  Then  the  operator  takes  the  view  out  of  the  bottom  lantern  and  puts  in 
another  one,  and  turns  the  dissolving  key,  which  sends  the  light  into  the  bottom  lantern  again  and  cuts 
it  off  from  the  top  one.  So  on  from  one  to  the  other,  causing  each  view  to  dissolve  away  and  a  new  one 
to  come  in  its  place.  This  shows  why  it  takes  a  Double  Stereopticon  or  two  lanterns  to  make  the 
dissolving  view  effect.  The  Single  Stereopticon  will  show  the  views  here  just  as  well  as  the  Double 
Stereopticon  does,  except  that  the  Single  Stereopticon  will  not  produce  the  dissolving  view  effect.  The 
Single  Stereopticon  presents  the  views  on  the  canvas  just  as  clear,  just  as  large,  in  fact  exactly  the 
same  as  this  Double  Stereopticon  does.  The  Double  Stereopticon  is  only  two  Single  Stereopticons 
brought  together  and  connected  by  means  of  the  dissolving  key,  therefore  anybody  who  has  a  Single 
Stereopticon  outfit  can  add  another  Single  Stereopticon  to  it  and  connect  them  with  the  dissolving  key, 
and  thus  have  a  first-class  Double  Stereopticon,  capable  of  giving  the  best  exhibition  possible. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OK  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


THE:  "CHARTS 


"  ST£R£OPTICON, 


THE  SINGLE  STEREOPTICON. 


THE  DOUBLE  STEREOPTICON. 


The  above  cuts  give  a  fair  representation  of  the  "Beseler"  Stereopticons,  which  we  believe  to  be  the 
best  stereopticoiis  made.  They  are  handsome,  strong,  well  made,  and  thoroughly  serviceable. 

Perhaps  the  best  recommendation  tney  could  have  is  the  fact  that  they  are  used  by  all  the  Normal 
Schools  of  the  State  of  New  York  ;  also  by  the  Museum  of  Natural  History,  in  Central  Park,  New  York  ; 
the  College  of  Pharmacy,  New  York  ;  the  School  of  Mines,  New  York  ;  the  College  of  Pharmacy,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  and  many  others.  The  fact  that  these  colleges  and  scientific  schools  use  them  is  ample 
proof  that  they  are  A  No.  1,  and  we  recommend  them  to  our  agents  as  thoroughly  satisfactory  instru- 
ments in  every  respect,  and  perfectly  calculated  to  show  our  war  views  in  a  clear  and  realistic  manner. 


Selecting  the  Views  for  an  Exhibition. 

The  photographic  "negatives"  of  the  war  scenes  were  made  by  the  old-fashioned  "wet-plate" 
process,  which  was  the  only  process  known  at  the  time  of  the  war  (1861-1865). 

It  is  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  since  these  "  negatives  "  were  made,  and  many  of  them  have 
undergone  chemical  changes  which  make  it  impossible  to  get  a  good,  clear  "  slide  "  from  them. 

Others  of  the  "  negatives  "  are  just  as  clear  as  though  they  were  made  yesterday. 

It  is  impossible,  without  making  a  careful  examination  of  the  "  negatives,"  to  decide  which  are  in 
condition  to  make  a  clear  view. 

Therefore  we  advise  those  who  wish  to  exhibit  the  war  scenes  with  the  stereopticon,  to  leave  the 
selection  of  the  views  mostly  to  our  judgment. 

We  can  look  over  the  "  negatives  "  and  pick  out  those  that  are  in  good  condition  to  make  a  fine 
view  on  the  curtain. 

It  would  be  impossible  for  you  to  tell  from  the  catalogue  which  views  will  make  good,  clear  scenes 
on  the  curtain. 

We  shall  use  our  very  best  judgment  in  making  the  selection  of  views  for  any  one  who  wishes  to 
give  the  exhibition,  for  it  is  just  as  much  for  our  interest  to  have  you  make  a  thorough  success  of  the 
exhibition  as  it  is  for  your  interest,  because  your  success  means  large  sales  of  the  photographs  wherever 
you  exhibit  them  ;  therefore  our  interests  become  identical,  and  we  shall  naturally  do  our  very  best  to 
fit  you  out  so  that  you  will  make  a  thorough  success  of  the  business,  for  our  main  object  is  to  work  up  a 
big  sale  for  the  AVar  Photographs. 

Besides  the  views  that  are  named  on  pages  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9,  10,  11,  12,  and  13  in  this  catalogue,  we 
have  many  not  yet  classified  for  the  catalogue.  From  the  entire  collection  we  will  select  the  best  for  an 
exhibition. 

If  you  will  simply  select  (from  the  following  list)  the  battles  you  are  most  interested  in,  or  which 


1 8  PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 

T3  ==========^=^^=r=r=======^==^z====rr=====zii=====^ 

rt     v 

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w    r,     will  lake  best  in  the  section  of  the  country  where  you  wish  to  exhibit,  and  will  leave  the  selection  of 
•£    *     the  rest  of  the  views  to  our  judgment,  we  will  get  out  a  set  of  war  scenes  that  cannot  be  surpassed. 

BATTLES. 


EASTERN  ARMY.  WESTERN  ARMY. 


Sheridan's  Final  Charge  at  Winchester.                                 Battle  of  Chattanooga. 

Battle  of  Fredcricksburg.  Battle  of  Kenesaiv  Mountain. 

Sheridan's  Ride.  Alatoona,  or  "  Hold  the  Fort." 

Rattle  of  Gettysburg.  Siege  of  Atlanta. 

Battle  of  Antietain.  Siege  of  ricksburg. 

Battle  of  Spottsylvania.  Battle  of  Shiloh. 

"The  March  to  the  Sea." 

BATTLES. 


L>     -       Capture  of  ffetv  Orleans.  Battle  of  Mobile  Bay.  Battle  of  Port  Huron. 

3     &      Monitor  and  Mcrrimac.  Kearsarge  and  Alabama.  Capture  of  Fort  Fislier. 

If  the  battles  in  which  you  are  most  interested  are  not  in  the  above  list,  write  and  tell  us  what  you 
~  :=     want,  and  if  we  have  them  we  will  include  them  in  your  outfit. 

So      ~ 

If     THE  MUSEUM  EXHIBITION  CASE. 

I*  .,,,r 

>         C 

>-.    03 

Exhibition   of  War 


A  PLEASANT  AND  PROFITABLE  BUSINESS. 


flo  Exhibition  can  lie  given  wllcl  will  interest  tie  Public  so  mncli  as  Real  far  Scenes, 


To  enable  our  agents  to  exhibit  the  war  views  in  a  satisfactory  and  profitable  manner,  we  have  had 
made,  by  a  skilled  optician,  a  Museum  Exhibition  Case,  so  arranged  that  four  people  can  be  entertained 
at  the  same  time. 

On  each  side'o{  the  case  there  are  two  pairs  of  fine,  strong,  stereoscopic  lenses,  set  at  a  proper  distance 
apart,  so  that  the  exhibition  can  be  given  to  four  persons  (two  on  each  side  of  the  case)  at  the  same  time. 

At  a  proper  focus  from  the  lenses  an  apparatus  is  arranged  to  hold  the  views  at  a  right  angle  with 
the  lenses  ;  strong  reflectors  are  so  placed  as  to  catch  the  light  and  throw  it  directly  upon  the  war  scenes 
as  they  come  into  view  of  the  people  looking  through  the  lenses.  This  extra  light  from  the  reflectors 
brings  the  scenes  out  splendidly. 

Under  each  view  is  printed  its  title,  in  plain  sight  of  the  person  looking  through  the  lenses.  Having 
the  full  printed  description  of  each  scene  adds  greatly  to  the  pleasure  of  studying  the  war  views. 

The  apparatus  which  holds  the  views  is  controlled  and  operated  by  the  exhibitor  from  one  end  of 
the  case.  There  are  forty-eight  views  in  the  case,  no  two  views  alike.  Of  course  four  views  are  before 
the  lenses  at  a  time  —  one  view  before  each  pair  of  lenses.  By  one  simple  turn  of  the  apparatus  the 
exhibitor  brings  up  four  other  views  ;  as  soon  as  the  people  at  the  lenses  have  had  a  fair  opportunity  to 
see  these  four,  the  exhibitor  gives  another  turn  to  the  apparatus  and  brings  four  more  views  up  before 
their  eyes,  and  so  on  until  all  the  views  have  been  shown. 

A  brief  lecture  or  descriptive  talk  about  each  scene  makes  the  exhibition  much  more  interesting, 
and  at  the  same  time  draws  a  crowd  around  your  case  and  keeps  them  there,  and  they  are  always 
anxious  to  get  a  chance  to  see  the  scenes  which  they  hear  you  describing. 

We  do  not  fix  the  price  which  our  agents  shall  receive  for  exhibiting  the  forty-eight  scenes,  but  we 
recommend  that  a  uniform  fee  of  ten  cents  be  charged.  This  is  a  fair  price,  and  no  person  — man, 
woman,  or  child,  rich  or  poor,  intelligent  or  ignorant  — will  begrudge  the  money  for  the  privilege  of 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR-  THE  UNION. 


looking  back  a  quarter  of  a  century  to  the  very  actual  scenes  of  our  war.  From  college  president  to 
boot-black,  none  are  too  high  or  too  lowly  to  be  interested  in  the  scenes  revealed  by  these  lenses.  It  is 
thrilling  history  of  our  great  war  brought  right  before  them  ;  it  is  no  guess-work  —  it  is  the  real  thing, 
just  as  the  camera  of  the  government  photographer  caught  it ;  as  exact  as  a  reflection  in  a  mirror. 

As  the  case  can  be  used  in  the  evening  as  well  as  day-time,  the  agent  can  visit  G.  A.  R.  Posts  and 
find  ample  business  in  the  ante-rooms  in  the  evening.  When  you  get  to  work  with  the  case  and  money 
begins  to  come  in,  you  can  send  and  get  another  outfit  of  views  for  the  case,  so  as  to  give  two  different 
exhibitions.  By  this  plan  you  can  exhibit  to  the  same  persons  to  whom  you  first  exhibited,  for,  having 
seen  one  exhibition  of  views,  of  course  they  will  be  eager  to  see  the  next.  You  will  find  everybody 
interested  in  looking  at  the  views,  whether  soldiers  or  not.  This  Exhibition  Case  is  calculated  for  use 
at  Fairs,  Reunions,  Post  Rooms,  Hotel  Offices,  in  stores,  houses,  or  on  the  street.  It  can  be  used  in  the 
day-time  as  well  as  in  the  evening.  It  is  entirely  different  from  a  stereopticon.  It  shows  the  war  views 
through  lenses.  It  will  not  throw  the  scenes  on  canvas.  If  you  want  a  light,  pleasant  business,  the 
Exhibition  Case  with  four  sets  of  lenses  will  furnish  you  the  means  of  taking  in  dimes  very  easily.  We 
had  two  cases  of  the  war  views  on  exhibition  at  our  Post  Fair.  They  were  kept  busy  all  the  time,  and 
earned  a  handsome  sum  for  our  Relief  Fund.  We  also  had  the  cases  in  use  at  the  Fair  given  by  Stanley 
Post  No.  11,  of  New  Britain.  (See  letter  on  next  page  of  this  catalogue,  from  the  Commander  and 
Committee  of  said  Post.) 

The  views  are  not  yet  fully  catalogued.  We  have  thousands  of  different  views.  They  were  photo- 
graphed during  the  war  at  Yorktown,  Fredericksburg,  Gettysburg,  Atlanta,  Chattanooga,  Knoxville, 
Nashville,  Mississippi  River  Campaign,  Morris  Island,  on  the  Peninsula  during  the  McClellan  Cam- 
paign, Charleston,  Fort  Sumter,  Lookout  Mountain,  Army  of  Tennessee,  Petersburg,  Richmond,  etc. 

In  selecting  an  assortment  of  views  for  exhibition  in  the  case,  it  will  not  be  possible  to  arrange  it  so 
as  to  show  each  soldier's  company,  regiment,  or  brigade.  Of  course  each  comrade  would  like  to  see  his 
own  regiment  shown,  but  a  moment's  reflection  will  convince  you  that  this  is  not  possible  ;  the  only 
practical  way  is  to  make  a  selection  of  views  which  will  be  likely  to  interest  the  public  generally;  there- 
fore the  assortment  should  be  made  to  include  Battlefields,  Batteries,  Regiments,  Forts,  Picket  Posts, 
Pontoon  Bridges,  Signal  Towers,  Rebel  Prisoners,  the  Wounded,  the  Dead  just  as  they  fell,  Burial  of  the 
Dead  after  the  Battle,  Libby  Prison,  the  Monitor,  etc.,  etc.  In  this  way  all  are  more  likely  to  be  inter- 
ested. As  the  views  cannot  be  obtained  anywhere  except  from  us,  our  agents  have  a  clear  field. 

Price  of  the  Museum  Exhibition  Case  will  four  sets  oflenses  and  forty-eight  views,  all  complete,  -  $56.25 

EXTRA  SETS  OF  VIEWS  CAN  BE  ADDED  FROM  TIME  TO  TIME  AS  YOU  REQUIRE  THEM. 

The  price  quoted  above  is  for  the  "  Museum  Case  "  and  views  carefully  packed  and  delivered  to  the 
express  or  freight  office  in  Hartford.  We  make  no  charge  for  boxing  or  packing,  but  freight  or  express 
charges  must  be  paid  by  the  agent.  The  main  body  of  the  Museum  Exhibition  Case  is  made  of  black 
walnut  and  cherry  woods,  handsomely  finished.  The  weight  of  this  outfit,  packed  for  shipment,  is 
about  100  pounds. 

If  you  can  come  to  Hartford  and  see  the  outfit  in  use  in  our  office,  we  would  like  to  have  you  do  so. 

If  the  Museum  Exhibition  Case  and  the  war  views  are  not  exactly  as  represented,  we  will  pay  all  of 
your  expenses  in  coming  here  and  returning  home.  We  invite  you  to  consult  our  references  and  ascer- 
tain that  we  are  a  reliable  company,  and  that  we  do  as  we  agree. 


(BEING  TWO  OR  MORE  "MUSEUM  CASES"  GEARED  TOGETHER.) 


We  have  arranged  the  "Museum  Case"  so  that  two  or  more  cases  can  be  geared  together  and  all 
work  as  one  case.  Therefore,  as  you  progress  in  the  business,  you  can  add  another  case  and  thus  be  able 
to  show  to  eight  persons  at  a  time.  This  is  found  necessary  at  Fairs,  Encampments,  or  other  places 
where  there  is  a  great  crowd,  and  where  the  case  for  four  persons  at  a  time  will  not  meet  the  demand. 

Committees  of  Fairs,  etc.,  readily  grant  eligible  space  to  the  Museum  Exhibition  Cases,  as  they  are 
an  added  attraction  without  expense,  and  are  sure  to  bring  in  more  money  to  the  fund. 

We  reserve  the  State  of  Connecticut  as  our  own  territory,  and  run  the  cases  in  the  fairs,  etc.,  here  in 
this  State.  The  sole  right  to  a  sufficient  portion  of  any  other  State  (not  already  taken)  will  be  granted  to 
an  enterprising  agent.  Ample  territory  will  be  granted  to  each  agent,  so  there  will  be  no  competition. 

When  we  place  the  "Museum  Case"  in  Fairs,  we  allow  the  Committee  one-half  of  all  the  money 
taken  in.  It  costs  us  nothing  to  run  the  case,  only  the  wages  of  the  person  we  employ  to  tend  it.  Fre- 
quently the  Committee  will  furnish  some  pretty  young  lady  to  tend  the  case  and  take  in  the  dimes,  but 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


even  if  we  were  obliged  to  employ  some  one  to  tend  it,  we  can  get  a  good  competent  young  lady  for  $1.50 
to  $2.00  per  day.  As  we  can  show  to  forty  or  more  persons  an  hour,  at  ten  cents  each,  our  share  of  one- 
half  gives  us  a  good  profit,  even  after  paying  the  wages  of  the  person  who  tends  the  case. 

The  advantage  of  having  the  Museum  Cases  geared  together,  instead  of  having  one  solid  Case,  is 
that  if  (as  sometimes  happens)  two  small  Fairs  are  being  held  in  adjacent  towns  at  the  same  time,  the 
two  Cases  can  be  separated,  making  two  Museum  Cases,  each  showing  to  four  persons  at  a  time,  and  thus 
get  the  benefit  of  both  Fairs.  The  gearing  is  quite  simple,  so  the  Cases  can  be  separated  or  connected  in 
about  one  minute.  When  the  Cases  are  shipped  from  one  place  to  another  they  can  be  handled  and 
moved  much  more  easily  separate  than  if  it  was  one  solid  Case. 

Fairs,  Camp-fires,  etc.,  furnish  a  rich  harvest  which  can  be  gathered  with  one  or  more  of  the 
Museum  Exhibition  Cases. 

The  right  sort  of  man  can  have  an  entire  State  and  act  as  general  agent,  and  by  having  a  number  of 
sub-agents  at  work  in  his  State,  can,  by  proper  management,  work  up  a  splendid  business  and  have  a 
steady  income.  ^,^.__ 

The  following  is  a  sample  of  the  letters  we  get  from  G.  A.  R.  Posts  who  have  our  war  views  in  their  fairs',  showing 
how  the  Exhibition  Cases  are  liked  Inj  the  Fair  Committees.  In  every  place  where  they  are  put  on  exhibition, 
they  "  take."  The  Comrades  are  all  pleased  ivith  them,  and  the  people  patronize  them  in  great  numbers.  They 
are  a  complete  success,  and  are  the  most  rapid  "  money  getters  "  that  any  Fair  can  have. 


Heaflprters  Stanley  Post  No.  11,  G.  A.  R. 


NEW  BRITAIN,  CONN. 

THE  WAR  PHOTOGRAPH  &  EXHIBITION  COMPANY,  Hartford,  Conn. 

Deqr  Comrades:  — On  behalf  of  Stanley  Post  No.  11,  G.  A.  R.,  we  wish  to 
tender  you  our  thanks  for  the  very  satisfactory  attraction  you  placed  in  our  Fair, 
just  closed. 

The  Exhibition  Cases  of  your  real  war  views  pleased  everybody  ;  not  only  the 
old  soldiers,  but  the  citizens  and  ladies  and  children  appreciated  the  opportunity 

fiven  them  to  see  for  themselves  what  war  really  was.  Our  well-known  Comrade, 
ra  E.  Hicks,  Past  Department  Commander,  was  much  delighted  when  he  discov- 
ered his  own  picture  in  a  group  of  soldiers  on  the  lines  before  Charleston.  It  was 
conclusive  evidence  of  the  genuineness  of  your  war  photographs  ;  indeed,  they  prove  themselves  to  be 
all  you  claim  for  them,  and  any  Fair  Committee  who  secures  them  will  find  them  an  excellent  source  of 
pleasure  and  profit,  without  one  penny  of  expense. 

Your  ingenious  arrangement  of  the  lenses,  so  that  a  number  of  persons  can  be  entertained  at  the 
same  time,  is  admirable,  as  it  enables  the  Fair  to  gather  in  the  dimes  rapidly.  We  wish  you  continued 
success.  Yours  in  F.,  C.,  &  L., 

GEORGE  H.  BECKETT,  Chairman  Fair  Committee.  FRANCIS  H.  SMITH,  Post  Commander. 

WM.  H.  GLADDEN,  Secretary  Fair  Committee. 

TIE  WIBLI  EX1IB1T10I  CASE. 

This  is  a  handsome  case  made  of  black  walnut  and  cherry,  with  tivo  pairs  of  fine  stereo  lenses,  and 
shows  views  to  two  persons  at  a  time.  It  has  two  reflector  tops,  which  can  be  closed  when  the  Case  is 
not  in  use.  The  forty-eight  views  in  this  Case  are  placed  in  an  ingeniously  arranged  holder,  the  same 
as  in  the  Museum  Exhibition  Case,  and  do  not  have  to  be  handled  at  all  while  exhibiting  them,  con- 
sequently they  can  always  be  kept  clean  and  bright.  This  Case  weighs  less  than  thirty  pounds  with 
the  forty-eight  views  all  complete.  For  a  crippled  comrade  it  is  just  the  thing,  being  light  and  easily 
handled  and  worked.  It  is  similar  in  its  arrangement  to  the  Museum  Exhibition  Case,  except  that  this 
Double  Case  shows  to  but  two  persons  at  a  time. 

Price  of  Double  EiMMtion  Case  with  two  sets  of  lenses  and  forty-eiglt  views,  all  complete,  $27.75 

There  are  many  comrades  who  would  make  admirable  and  successful  agents  and  exhibitors  of  the 
war  views,  but  who  cannot  afford  to  buy  a  first-class  outfit  to  commence  with.  To  all  such  we  say,  Do 
not  give  up  the  idea  because  you  cannot  commence  at  the  top.  It  will  be  time  well  and  profitably  spent 
for  you  to  begin  at  the  bottom  and  work  up.  You  will  become  familiar  with  the  views  and  with  the 
details  of  the  business,  and  this  knowledge  will  be  of  great  value  to  you  when  you  commence  exhibiting 
with  the  stereopticon.  Even  if  you  commence  with  the  Double  Exhibition  Case,  you  can  work  up 
rapidly,  and  within  three  or  four  months  from  the  time  you  begin  you  can  make  money  enough  to  pur- 
chase a  Stereopticon  outfit,  if  you  will  attend  to  business. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 


We  want  Good  Agents  to  Exhibit  these  Views. 

"DOES  IT  PAY?" 

"  Will  it  pay  me  to  handle  the  war  view  exhibition  f  "  is  a  question  sometimes  asked  us  by  those  who 
would  like  to  exhibit  the  war  scenes,  but  who  are  in  doubt  about  their  ability  to  make  a  success  of  it. 
In  answer  to  the  question,  we  print  the  following  letter  received  from  a  comrade  in  California,  who  has 
been  our  agent  in  that  section  for  nearly  a  year,  and  it  shows  that  the  Exhibition  Case  will  earn  good 
wages  for  an  agent  if  it  is  properly  attended  to.  Comrade  Boulden  writes  us  as  follows : 

SELMA,  FRESNO  COUNTY,  CALIFORNIA. 
THE  WAR  PHOTOGRAPH  &  EXHIBITION  COMPANY,  Hartford,  Conn. 

COMRADES  :  —  I  have  rigged  my  Exhibition  Case  with  lamps  and  now  I  show  the  war  scenes  both 
during  the  day  and  evening.  I  am  glad  to  say  that  I  have  been  for  the  last  ten  months  making  a  good 
living  for  my  family  of  seven  persons,  besides  paying  up  some  back  debts,  etc.  I  exhibit  on  the  street, 
charging  15  cents  for  one  side,  and  25  cents  for  Doth  sides.  No  one  objects  to  this  price,  and  I  give  uni- 
versal satisfaction.  I  want  to  get  a  larger  outfit  as  soon  as  possible,  and  should  have  saved  enough  for  it 
before  this  time  if  it  had  not  been  for  doctor's  bills  and  other  debts  which  I  am  paying  up.  which  accu- 
mulated while  I  was  laid  up  with  a  broken  arm  and  elbow  before  I  got  this  Double  Exhibition  Case.  As 
soon  as  I  can  get  a  "  Museum  Case  "  I  can  largely  increase  my  business.  Contrary  to  my  expectations, 
I  find  that  I  am  a  success  as  a  lecturer— that  is,  in  explaining  the  war  scenes— though  I  never  had  any 
practice  before  I  got  the  Exhibition  Case. 

Yours  in  F.,  C.,  &  L., 

JOHN  W.  BOULDEN. 

The  above  letter  came  to  us  without  any  solicitation,  and  it  can  easily  be  verified  either  by  writing 
to  Comrade  John  W.  Boulden,  Selma,  California,  or  to  the  commander  of  the  G.  A.  R.  Post  in  Fresno 
City.  Mr.  Boulden  is  a  worthy  comrade  who  took  a  Double  Exhibition  Case  nearly  a  year  ago,  just  as  he 
was  recovering  from  a  compound  fracture  of  his  arm  which  had  laid  him  up  for  several  months,  during 
which  time  he  of  course  was  earning  nothing,  and  got  considerably  in  debt. 

Some  applicants  think  they  ought  to  have  the  entire  State  to  work  in  exclusively  ;  we  will  give  an 
agent  all  the  territory  he  can  attend  to,  yet  we  cannot  assign  an  entire  State  to  one  Exhibition  Case.  The 
way  to  make  money  with  the  case  is  not  to  run  all  over  creation,  but  just  work  the  territory  thor- 
oughly. It  is  much  the  same  with  this  as  it  is  with  picking  berries  :  the  boy  who  runs  all  over  the  fields 
to  find  the  place  where  the  berries  are  the  thickest,  don't  get  nearly  as  many  as  the  one  does  who,  when 
he  finds  a  patch  of  berries,  picks  them.  If  agents  will  learn  this  lesson  they  will  find  no  trouble  in  doing 
well  with  the  Exhibition  Case  in  a  reasonable  amount  of  territory,  without  trying  to  cover  an  entire  State. 
It  will  be  observed  that  Comrade  Boulden  charges  25  cents  for  showing  48  views.  We  do  not  object  to 
this  price  being  charged,  but  we  do  not  recommend  it.  It  may  do  in  California  or  at  some  big  fair,  but 
for  a  regular  thing,  we  recommend  ten  cents  ;  no  one  will  find  fault  with  that,  and  an  agent  can  do  well 
at  that  price. 

[Since  the  above  letter  was  written  to  us  Comrade  Boulden  has  ordered  a  "  Museum  Case,"  and  he  is 
now  doing  much  more  business  than  when  he  had  only  the  double  case,  which  would  show  to  only  two 
persons  at  a  time.  Comrade  Boulden  is  now  working  the  "  Museum  Case,"  and  says  he  is  soon  going 
to  order  a  first-class  Stereopticon  outfit.] 


SPECIAL  TO  AGENTS. 


The  following  are  some  of  the  questions  which  are  likely  to  be  asked  by  agents 
or  those  who  contemplate  taking  an  agency  for  the  exhibition  and  sale  of  our  war 
views.  We  print  them  here,  and  append  our  replies  to  them,  in  order  to  save  writing 
long  letters  to  convey  the  same  information. 

Question  i. How  much  territory  will  you  give  me  ? 

Answer.  We  will  assign  you  all  the  territory  you  can  work  to  advantage,  and  besides  the  terri- 
tory actually  assigned  to  you,  we  will  reserve  for  you  additional  territory,  which  we  will  assign  to  you  as 
you  may  require  it.  In  thickly  settled  States  three  or  four  counties  furnish  all  the  territory  an  agent 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOK  THE   UNION. 


can  attend  to,  while  in  more  thinly  settled  States  an  agent  might  require  eight  or  ten  counties,  or  even 
more.  Therefore  we  fix  no  arbitrary  rule,  but  will  assign  to  each  agent  whatever  amount  of  territory  he 
may  require. 

Question  a. Do  you  give  Agents  sole  right  to  territory  assigned  them? 

Answer.  Yes.  Each  agent  has  the  sole  and  exclusive  right  to  the  territory  we  assign  to  him. 
No  charge  is  made  for  territory.  We  assign  territory  free  with  each  outfit. 

Question  3. How  do  you  protect  an  Agent  in  his  territory? 

Answer.  By  legal  injunction  against  any  agent  who  disregards  his  assignment,  and  trespasses  on 
the  rights  of  territory  of  another.  A  test  case  has  been  tried  and  the  Court  has  decided  that  one  agent 
cannot  legally  trespass  on  the  rights  of  territory  of  another,  except  by  permission  of  the  agent  to  whom 
the  territory  is  assigned.  In  fact  it  very  seldom  happens  that  one  agent  will  trespass  on  the  territory  of 
another.  Each  agent  is  dependent  on  us  for  the  goods  he  sells.  He  can  procure  them  nowhere  else. 
Should  we  ascertain  that  he  is  trespassing  on  the  territory  of  another,  we  warn  him  off,  and  if  he  fails 
to  heed  our  warning,  we  refuse  to  fill  his  orders  for  goods,  and  this  of  course  stops  his  business.  Should 
he  then  ^emVtf,  by  exhibiting  with  the  Museum  Case  or  the  Stereopticon  on  another's  territory,  we 
secure  an  injunction,  and  he  must  either  obey  that  or  settle  with  the  Court.  We  never  had  but  one  case 
where  it  was  necessary  to  secure  an  injunction  from  the  Court.  That  settled  it, — the  trespassing  agent 
obeyed  the  injunction,  and  quit. 

» 
Question  4. Do  you  grunt  a   Certificate  of  Agency? 

Answer.  We  do.  Each  agent  is  given  a  Certificate  of  Agency,  sealed  and  signed  by  us  and  duly 
witnessed.  This  Certificate  clearly  defines  the  rights  and  privileges  granted  to  our  agents,  and  sets  forth 
the  territory  assigned  to  the  agent. 

In  our  office  we  have  large  atlases  showing  each  State,  County,  City,  Town,  and  Village,  and  we  are 
thus  enabled  to  mark  off  clearly  the  boundary  line  of  each  agent's  territory. 

Question  5. Do  you  start  Agents  on  credit  or  on   the  installment  plan? 

Answer.  We  do  not.  Our  business  is  strictly  on  a  cash  basis.  There  never  was  a  credit  business 
done  yet  but  what  there  were  losses  due  to  it.  Who  pays  for  the  losses  or  bad  debts?  Why,  those  who 
pay  their  bills.  It  is  an  old  and  true  saying  that  "those  who  pay,  pay  for  those  who  don't  pay."  In 
other  words,  if  we  have  a  hundred  agents  and  we  do  a  credit  business,  and  ninety  of  them  pay  and  ten 
of  them  fail  to  pay  their  bills,  our  prices  must  be  made  high  enough  to  provide  for  the  Josses  we  incur  by 
the  ten  who  do  not  pay  ;  therefore  it  is  readily  seen  that  the  ninety  who  pay  must  pay  enough  to  cover 
the  losses  incurred  by  the  ten  who  do  not  pay.  We  prefer  to  do  a  cash  business  with  the  ninety  who 
pay  their  bills,  and  have  no  losses  to  saddle  upon  them,  rather  than  to  do  a  little  more  business  by  the 
credit  system,  and  saddle  off  a  batch  of  losses  upon  the  agents  who  pay. 

Our  outfits  for  agents  are  made  for  various  prices,  so  that  any  one  who  really  wishes  to  become  an 
agent  can  do  so.  An  agent  can  commence  with  the  smallest  and  cheapest  outfit,  and  soon  work  along 
up  until  he  can  ha»ve  the  most  expensive  outfit  and  do  a  large  and  splendidly  paying  business. 

Question  6. Do  you  give  more  territory  with  a   Stereopticon  outfit  than  with  an 

Exhibition   Case  outfit? 

Answer.  Yes.  An  agent  with  a  Stereopticon  outfit  needs  considerably  more  territory  than  an 
agent  with  a  Museum  Case.  An  agent  with  a  Stereopticon  outfit  needs  a  territory  containing  from  150 
to  200  places  where  he  can  profitably  give  the  exhibition  ;  this  would  occupy  him  about  a  year  to  make 
the  entire  round  of  his  territory  ;  then  the  second  year  he  could  take  an  entirely  new  set  of  views  and 
go  right  over  the  same  territory  again,  and  do  even  better  the  second  trip  than  he  does  the  first.  An 
agent  with  a  Museum  Exhibition  Case  does  not  need  half  as  much  territory,  because  he  will  average  at 
least  a  week  in  each  place,  and  if  he  has  a  territory  which  gives  him  52  towns  he  will  not  probably  make 
the  entire  round  in  a  year.  Long  before  he  gets  through  with  52  towns  he  ought  to  have  money  enough 
to  get  the  Stereopticon  outfit  and  increase  his  territory  and  his  business. 

Question   7. How  soon  can  you  ship  an   outfit  after  you  receive  the  order? 

Answer.  In  about  one  week.  We  do  not  keep  the  outfits  in  stock,  but  make  them  to  order  for 
our  agents ;  the  photographic  views,  which  the  agents  sell,  we  keep  in  stock  all  the  time ;  therefore 
after  an  agent  gets  started  with  his  exhibition  outfit  we  are  always  enabled  to  fill  his  order  for  the  pho- 
tographic war  views  the  same  day  we  receive  it. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION.  23 

Question  8. Which  is  the  best  way  to  have  outfits  shipped  ? 

Answer  With  regard  to  shipping  goods,  we  wish  to  correct  a  mistaken  idea  that  prevails  to 
some  extent. 

Some  of  our  correspondents  ask  us  to  ship  the  outfit  by  Fast  freight,  C.  O.  D.,  as  Freight  is  so  much 
cheaper  than  Express. 

As  a  rule,  Fast  Freight  costs  only  about  one-sixth  as  much  as  Express  ;  that  is,  a  case  of  goods  that 
would  cost  you  six  dollars  for  Express  charges  would  probably  cost  you  only  about  one  dollar  if  sent  by 
Fast  Freight. 

Sometimes  the  difference  is  even  more  than  one-sixth  ;  for  instance,  we  sent  a  box  of  goods  to  a  com- 
rade out  in  Montana,  and  the  Express  charges  on  the  box  were  $26.50  ;  we  made  inquiries  at  the  Fast 
Freight  office  as  to  what  the  same  box  would  cost  if  it  had  been  sent  by  Fast  Freight,  and  found  out 
that  it  could  have  been  sent  for  $3.20. 

Of  course  we  had  to  ship  it  by  Express  because  the  comrade  ordered  it  to  be  sent  by  Express,  but 
after  he  got  it,  and  found  out  how  much  cheaper  he  could  have  got  it  by  Fast  Freight,  he  saw  what  an 
expensive  mistake  he  had  made  in  having  it  go  by  Express.  Goods  will  go  a  little  quicker  by  Express 
than  by  Freight,  but  not  enough  quicker  to  pay  so  much  difference.  Our  goods  are  carefully  packed 
and  will  go  just  as  safely  by  Freight  as  by  Express. 

If  you  wish  goods  shipped  by  Fast  Freight  you  must  remit  the  full  amount  of  the  bill  with  your 
order,  as  the  Freight  Companies  do  not  do  a  C.  O.  D.  business.  If  goods  are  sent  C.  O.  D.,  they  must  go 
by  Express. 

Question  g. Does  it  require  a.  skilled  operator  to  run  the  Stereopticon? 

Answer.  It  does  not.  We  will  warrant  to  take  any  boy  of  ordinary  intelligence  (15  years  of 
age  or  more)  and  teach  him  in  one  hour  how  to  operate  the  Stereopticon  correctly.  We  send  printed 
instructions  with  the  outfit. 

Question  10. Is  oxy-hydrogen  gas  safe  for  anybody  to  use? 

Answer.  Our  operator  has  used  it  hundreds  of  times,  without  the  slightest  trouble  or  accident  of 
any  kind.  One  day  when  our  operator  was  sick,  and  we  had  an  exhibition  to  give  that  evening,  we 
took  a  boy  about  sixteen  years  old,  and  after  one  lesson  of  less  than  half  an  hour,  this  boy  went  with  us 
and  operated  our  double  dissolving  view  Stereopticon,  using  the  gas  as  well  as  our  old  operator  could 
have  done. 

Question  n. Do  you  make  your  own  gas,  and  use  gas-bags  in  giving  the  exhi- 
bition ? 

Answer.  No  ;  we  do  not.  We  never  made  a  foot  of  gas  nor  used  a  gas-bag  in  all  our  experience. 
We  do  not  know  of  a  first-class  exhibitor  anywhere  who  uses  such  an  old-fashioned  thing  as  a  gas-bag. 
The  gas-bags  hold  the  same  relation  to  the  gas-cylinders  that  an  old  lumbering  stage-coach  holds  to  the 
modern  railroad  express  train.  No  one  wants  to  be  bothered  with  making  gas,  for  it  is  a  stinking,  dirty 
business,  and  nine  times  out  of  ten  the  exhibitor  has  no  time  to  waste  in  making  gas  ;  moreover,  no  good 
exhibition  can  be  given  from  a  gas-bag,  for  the  pressure  can  never  be  made  equal,  and  consequently  the 
light  is  never  steady  and  equal,  therefore  your  scenes  never  come  out  as  good  on  the  canvas.  If  any  one 
advises  you  to  use  a  gas-bag,  just  ask  him  to  name  one  first-class  exhibitor  who  uses  gas-bags.  He 
cannot  do  it,  for  no  first-class  exhibitor  does  use  them.  We  assume  that  if  you  take  hold  of  this  busi- 
ness you  want  to  give  a  first-class  exhibition  (and  we  want  to  have  you  give  it  first-class  if  you  give 
it  at  all),  therefore  we  say  do  not  use  gas-bags,  but,  on  the  contrary,  use  oxy-hydrogen  gas  from  gas- 
cylinders,  for  the  cylinders  are  neat,  easily  handled  and  managed,  reliable,  and  always  ready. 

Question  is. How  many  exhibitions  can  be  given  with  one  pair  of  cylinders? 

Answer.        One  pair  of  cylinders  will  give  from  six  to  eight  exhibitions. 

Question  ij. Are  the  cylinders  heavy  and  troublesome  to  carry? 

Answer.  Cylinders  weigh  about  one  hundred  pounds.  We  always  take  them  on  the  cars  with 
us  and  have  them  checked  as  our  baggage. 

Question  14. Where  can  the  cylinders  of  gas  be  procured? 

Answer.  New  York,  Boston,  Philadelphia,  Chicago,  St.  Louis,  Cincinnati,  Kansas  City,  and 
many  other  places.  We  will  send  you  the  address  of  the  Company  nearest  you  that  furnishes  the  gas. 


24  PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 

Question  15. Do  I  have  to  buy  the  gas-cylinders? 

Answer.  No.  The  gas  company  own  the  cylinders,  and  you  simply  buy  the  gas,  and  they  send 
it  to  you  in  these  cylinders.  When  the  cylinders  are  empty  you  send  them  back  and  take  a  fresh  pair. 
You  do  not  have  to  send  them  back  and  wait  for  them  to  be  filled,  but  by  ordering  a  fresh  pair  a  day  or 
two  before  those  you  have  are  empty,  you  will  get  the  filled  pair  by  the  time  you  are  ready  to  send 
back  the  empty  pair. 

Question  16. What  is  the  cost  per  night  of  the  oxy-hydrogen  gas  used  from  the 

cylinders  ? 

Answer.  The  average  cost  is,  according  to  our  experience  of  more  than  one  hundred  nights, 
about  two  dollars  per  night ;  this  is  allowing  for  the  cost  of  the  gas  and  also  the  express  charge  011  the 
cylinders  to  and  from  the  gas  company. 

We  advise  the  use  of  the  gas,  because  the  gas  makes  a  first-class  exhibition,  whereas  the  oil  light 
makes  not  so  clear  and  good  a  scene.  There  are  some  agents  who  use  the  oil  light  and  who  do  a  good,  fair 
business,  but  we  believe  that  by  using  the  gas  they  could  increase  their  receipts  by  more  than  enough  to 
pay  the  difference  in  cost  between  the  gas  and  the  oil.  Of  course  oil  does  not  cost  much,  and  some  agents 
think  that  they  might  as  well  save  the  two  dollars  per  night  which  the  gas  would  cost  them,  but  we 
think  they  are  mistaken.  Two  dollars  per  night  is  equal  to  eight  tickets  at  twenty-five  cents  each, 
and  it  is  our  opinion  that  an  exhibitor  will  get  more  than  eight  tickets  more  each  night  if  he  uses  gas, 
and  is  thus  able  to  advertise  on  his  bills  that  he  uses  the  oxy-hydrogen  lime  light  (the  best  light  known 
to  science),  than  if  he  used  oil  light,  which  everybody  knows  is  not  as  good  as  the  gas  light ;  for  illustra- 
tion, suppose  you  average  two  hundred  and  fifty  tickets  per  evening  while  usiug  the  oil  light,  and  by 
using  the  gas  light  you  averaged  two  hundred  and  fifty-eight  tickets  ;  you  will  readily  see  that  the  gas 
has  really  paid  for  itself  by  getting  you  a  larger  audience.  In  point  of  fact,  you  would  get  a  great  many 
more  than  eight  tickets  per  evening  in  excess  of  what  you  would  get  with  oil  light ;  probably  in  most 
places  your  audience  would  be  one-half  larger  if  you  used  the  oxy-hydrogen  light  than  if  you  used  oil 
light,  for  there  are  cheap,  oil-light  exhibitions  of  Bible  scenes  or  of  foreign  scenes  traveling  through  the 
country,  and  they  do  not  give  satisfaction  to  the  public,  but  let  a  really  first-class  exhibition  come  to  a 
town  and  let  it  be  so  advertised  that  the  public  will  know  that  it  really  is  first-class,  and  the  public  are 
always  ready  to  respond  liberally  with  their  patronage  to  anything  that  is  really  first-class.  This  war 
view  exhibition  is,  when  properly  presented,  first-class,  and  capable  of  entertaining  any  audience,  and  it 
is  our  desire  that  our  agents  shall  present  it  in  a  first-class  manner,  as  it  is  really  for  our  mutual  interests 
that  the  exhibition  be  kept  on  the  high  plane  of  excellence  where  we  have  placed  it  and  where  it  right- 
fully belongs.  We  therefore  advise  our  exhibitors  to  use  the  oxy-hydrogen  gas  and  thus  give  the  highest 
satisfaction  both  to  the  public  and  to  themselves,  for  there  is  a  sense  of  satisfaction  in  the  mind  of  the 
exhibitor  when  he  knows  and  feels  that  he  has  given  the  public  the  very  best  exhibition  possible,  and 
one  to  which  no  exception  can  be  taken  ;  it  pays  in  every  sense  to  do  the  best  work;  your  reputation  will 
go  in  advance  of  you,  and  you  will  find  that  it  pays  in  dollars  and  cents,  as  well  as  in  mental  satisfac- 
tion, to  have  the  reputation  of  having  an  "A  No.  1"  exhibition  ;  you  will  get  lots  of  people  to  buy 
tickets  who  would  not  accept  a  free  ticket  to  a  cheap  exhibition.  The  motto  we  adopt  is,  "There  is 
nothing  too  good  for  the  great  American  public,"  and  we  advise  all  our  agents  to  adopt  the  same  motto. 

Question  17. What  admission  do  you  charge,  and  what  for  reserved  seats  ? 

Answer.  Our  usual  price  of  admission  is  25  cents,  and  10  cents  extra  for  reserved  seats.  We  are 
guided  in  our  prices  by  the  usual  custom  of  the  place  where  we  give  the  exhibition.  In  some  places  we 
have  charged  50  cents  admission,  and  25  cents  extra  for  reserved  seats. 

Question  18. What  are  your  terms  for  giving  the  exhibition  ? 

Answer.  We  give  the  exhibition  either  for  a  fixed  sum  or  else  for  a  share  of  the  net  profits, 
whichever  way  we  agree  on  with  the  organization  that  we  give  the  entertainment  for.  As  before  stated, 
we  always  give  the  exhibition  under  the  auspices  of  some  organization,  either  a  G.  A.  R.  Post,  or  a  Sous 
of  Veterans'  Camp,  or  a  Woman's  Relief  Corps,  or  a  Church,  or  some  other  prominent  organization.  If 
they  prefer  to  employ  us  to  come  and  give  the  entertainment  for  a  fixed  sum,  without  any  reference  to 
how  much  they  may  take  in,  our  terms  are  $75.00  for  one  night  or  $125.00  for  two  consecutive  nights  ;  they 
pay  us  this  sum  and  we  come  and  give  the  exhibition  for  them,  and  they  furnish  the  hall  or  opera-house, 
do  the  bill-posting  and  advertising,  and  all  other  incidental  work  connected  with  giving  the  entertain- 
ment. On  our  part,  we  pay  our  own  railroad  and  hotel  bills  and  give  the  exhibition.  The  best  and  most 
satisfactory  terms,  however,  are  an  equal  division  of  the  net  receipts;  for  illustration  :  we  make  an  agree- 
ment to  give  the  exhibition  for  a  certain  organization  ;  they  see  to  engaging  the  hall  or  opera-house, 
doing  the  bill-posting  and  advertising,  selling  the  tickets,  and  all  other  business  necessary  to  the  success 
of  the  entertainment,  as  far  as  the  local  work  is  concerned.  On  the  day  appointed  we  go  to  the  town  and 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION.  25 

attend  to  our  part  of  the  contract,  viz.:  getting  our  curtain  set  and  our  Stereopticon  placed  and  tested,  so 
that  when  evening  conies  arid  the  audience  assembles  we  are  in  readiness  to  give  the  exhibition.  The 
organization  under  whose  auspices  we  are,  provides  ticket-seller,  doorkeepers,  ushers,  etc.,  generally  in 
the  uniform  of  the  organization.  After  the  entertainment  is  over  we  go  into  the  box-office  with  the 
committee  and  "  settle  up."  First,  we  count  the  tickets  and  then  balance  the  ticket  sales  with  the  cash  ; 
the  committee  who  have  had  charge  of  the  local  preparations  present  all  the  bills  that  they  have  con- 
tracted on  account  of  the  entertainment,  such  as  rent  of  the  hall,  bill-posting,  advertising,  etc. ;  on  our 
part  we  present  our  bills  for  our  expenses  in  coming  there — that  is,  our  railroad  fares  and  our  hotel  bills 
— and  $2.00  for  the  gas  used  in  giving  the  exhibition.  Thus  we  ascertain  exactly  what  the  expenses  have 
been.  Then  there  is  taken  out  from  the  cash,  enough  money  to  pay  all  of  these  bills  in  full.  The 
remaining  cash  is,  of  course,  net  profit;  these  net  profits  we  divide  equally,  giving  the  Post  or  whatever 
organization  it  is  that  we  are  working  for,  one-half  of  the  money  remaining  after  all  bills  are  paid,  and 
taking  the  other  half  for  our  share.  This  we  have  found  to  be  the  most  satisfactory  way  to  arrange  the 
terms.  On  these  terms  there  is  no  chance  for  fault-finding  in  the  settlement ;  if  it  has  been  a  good  night 
and  we  have  had  a  full  house  we  are  satisfied,  and  on  the  contrary,  if  it  has  been  a  poor  night,  when 
from  stormy  weather  or  from  any  other  cause  we  have  not  had  a  full  house,  the  Post  or  whatever  organiza- 
tion it  is  does  not  feel  as  they  would  if  they  had  to  draw  on  their  treasury  to  pay  us  a  fixed  sum  agreed 
on  beforehand.  This  business  is  like  any  other  business  in  this  respect,  viz. :  there  are  nights  when  we 
do  a  splendid  business  and  "pack  the  house,"  and  then  there  are  nights  when  from  bad  weather 
or  from  some  other  cause  we  make  a  poor  night  and  get  in  barely  money  enough  to  pay  expenses. 
We  have,  up  to  this  writing,  given  the  exhibition  just  one  hundred  and  seventeen  different  times  ;  we 
have  got,  in  one  single  night,  for  our  share  of  the  net  profits,  $128.75,  and,  on  the  other  hand,  we 'have 
given  the  exhibition  when  we  received  less  than  $3.00  for  our  share,  after  all  bills  were  paid.  In  figuring 
up  our  entire  receipts  for  the  one  hundred  and  seventeen  exhibitions  that  we  have  given,  we  find  that 
we  have  averaged  a  profit  of  about  $31.00  for  each  night ;  that  is,  as  above  stated,  we  have  had  good 
nights  and  bad  nights,  but  taking  them  all  together  we  have  averaged  about  $31.00  per  night,  net 
profit.  The  night  above-mentioned,  when  we  got  $128.75  for  our  share  of  the  profits,  was  an  exception- 
ally good  night.  We  never  got  so  much  in  one  night  but  once,  but  we  have  frequently  received  over 
$100.00  for  our  share  in  a  single  night ;  and  then,  on  the  other  hand,  as  before  stated,  we  have  gbne  down 
to  less  than  $3.00  for  our  share.  If  you  would  like  to  see  the  exhibition  given,  we  shall  be  pleased  to 
have  you  do  so,  and  then  you  can  judge  for  yourself  just  how  the  public  like  it,  and  you  can  see  how  the 
details  of  the  business  are  attended  to.  Let  us  know  about  when  you  can  visit  us,  and  we  will  inform 
you  by  return  mail  when  and  where  our  next  exhibition  will  be  given,  and  will  send  you  a  compli- 
mentary ticket  to  attend  the  same.  You  can  then  arrange  to  come  and  visit  us,  look  the  business  all 
over,  and  attend  the  exhibition,  and  so  get  well  posted  on  the  methods  of  carrying  on  the  business,  and 
can  decide  whether  it  is  what  we  have  represented  it  or  not.  We  are  perfectly  willing  to  put  this  busi- 
ness on  its  merits,  and  let  you  be  the  judge  of  it.  We  think  we  make  a  reasonable  and  fair  estimate 
when  we  state  that,  in  our  opinion,  based  on  our  own  experience,  two  men  can  take  this  war  view 
exhibition,  and  by  attending  to  business  and  looking  after  the  details  properly,  they  can  average  better 
than  ten  dollars  per  night,  each.  As  above  noted,  we  have  done  better  than  this,  but  we  will  put  the 
probable  average  at  twenty  dollars  profit  per  night  (ten  dollars  for  each  partner)  as  the  reasonable  and 
probable  figure  that  can  be  realized.  To  do  this,  however,  means  a  strict  attention  to  business.  It  won't 
do  to  spend  the  most  of  your  time  in  sitting  around  the  hotel  and  drinking  beer,  or  smoking,  and  spin- 
ning yarns.  When  you  get  to  a  town  you  will  need  to  "  hustle  around  "  and  see  that  the  local  details 
have  all  been  properly  attended  to  by  the  committee  ;  then  go  to  the  hall  where  the  exhibition  is  to  be 
given,  and  see  that  things  are  in  good  shape  there.  Get  your  curtain  set  in  good  style,  and  then  get 
your  Stereopticon  placed  and  tested,  so  there  will  be  no  delay  or  hitch  in  the  entertainment  when  the 
audience  gets  there.  If  the  local  committee  have  arranged  for  any  army  songs  to  be  sung,  you  should 
make  it  a  point  to  see  the  singers  personally,  before  the  audience  assembles,  and  arrange  with  them  just 
what  you  want  sung,  and  just  when  to  sing  it.  By  having  all  these  little  matters  clearly  understood 
before  the  entertainment  begins,  you  secure  a  good  smooth  evening,  whereas  a  failure  to  attend  to  those 
little  matters  leaves  it  entirely  to  chance  whether  things  go  right  or  not.  We  cite  all  these  things  to 
show  you  that  it  requires  work  and  careful  attention  to  business  in  order  to  succeed  in  this  enterprise,  as 
well  as  in  any  other  business.  This  war  view  exhibition  is  a  good  and  profitable  business  when  properly 
attended  to,  but  it  won't  run  itself,  any  more  than  a  railroad  or  a  steamboat  will.  Therefore,  unless  you 
"  mean  business,"  don't  touch  it  at  all. 

Question  19. Do  you  have  to  pay  a  license  to  give  the  exhibition? 

Answer.  We  have  given  the  exhibition  a  great  many  times,  but  we  have  never  hud  to  pay  a 
cent  for  license  yet.  We  usually  give  the  exhibition  under  the  auspices  of  some  G.  A.  R.  Post,  or  Kons  of 
Veterans'  Camp,  of  other  organization,  and  they  always  make  all  the  local  arrangements  and  attend  to 
all  these  local  details. 


r 

26  PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION. 

Question  so. Do  you    employ  an   "Advance  Agent"    to  make   your  engagements 

for  you  ? 

Answer.  We  do  not.  We  have  found  that  we  can  make  all  the  engagements  \ve  want  by  cor- 
respondence with  the  Post  or  whatever  organization  we  desire  to  work  with.  It  is  better  to  give  a 
G.  A.  R.  Post  the  first  offer,  provided  there  is  a  Post  in  the  place  you  are  going  to.  After  the  first  few 
exhibitions  have  been  successfully  given,  you  have  something  to  refer  to.  It  is  easy  enough  to  get 
engagements  by  offering  the  organization  one-half  the  net  receipts,  as  explained  above.  There  is  no 
risk  to  them  in  supl  terms,  because  you  are  practically  certain  to  take  in  enough  to  more  than  pay  all 
expenses,  and  thus  they  have  the  opportunity  offered  them  of  making  something  for  their  treasury ; 
and  on  these  terms  you  easily  get  all  the  engagements  you  want.  After  you  get  started  and  your  reputa- 
tion is  established,  engagements  will  seek  you,  instead  of  you  having  to  seek  engagements.  This  has 
been  our  experience. 
A 

Question  ai. What   is    the    best    season    of   the  year   for   the  Stereopticon  Exhi- 
bition ? 

Answer.  We  begin  early  in  September,  and  close  our  season  on  the  evening  of  Memorial  Day. 
The  best  month  of  the  whole  year  is  May  ;  the  best  week  of  the  entire  year  is  the  last  week  in  May ;  and 
the  best  day  in  the  year  is  Memorial  Day.  During  the  mouth  of  May  the  subject  of  the  war  is  more 
especially  before  the  minds  of  the  whole  people,  and  thus  the  war  view  exhibition  is  right  in  line  with 
the  thoughts  of  the  people,  and  they  will  readily  attend  any  real  good  entertainment  pertaining  to  the 
war ;  but  during  the  week  in  which  Memorial  Day  occurs  (that  is,  the  last  week  of  May),  every  even- 
ing is  a  harvest-time  with  this  exhibition.  During  that  week,  make  your  engagements  only  for  large 
towns  or  cities.  Do  not  waste  a  single  evening  in  small  towns.  Properly  managed,  the  exhibition  can  be 
made  to  earn  you  at  least  $100.00  each  night  of  Memorial-day  week.  You  need  not  be  afraid  of  getting 
too  large  an  opera-house  or  hall  for  the  evenings  of  that  \veek.  Take  the  largest  opera-house  or  hall  in  the 
place,  and  advertise  liberally,  so  as  to  let  all  the  people  know  what  sort  of  an  entertainment  you  have  to 
offer  them,  and  no  fear  but  what  you  will  have  a  full  house.  We  know  of  nothing  that  interests  the 
people  generally  so  much  as  war  and  great  battles  and  all  pertaining  thereto ;  it  makes  no  difference 
whether.it  is  a  veteran  soldier,  or  a  citizen  who  did  not  go  to  the  war,  or  the  children,  or  the  ladies  ;  they 
are  nearly  all  interested  in  this  subject.  War  seems  to  exercise  a  fascination  over  the  minds  of  nearly  all 
the  people.  This  is  true  at  any  and  all  times  in  the  year,  but  about  Memorial-day  season  it  is  more 
especially  so.  For  this  reason  it  is  the  very  best  of  the  whole  year's  harvest  for  you,  and  your  arrange- 
ments should  be  so  made  that  you  can  reap  richly.  As  above  suggested,  you  should  make  your  engage- 
ments only  for  larye  places  during  that  week.  You  will  have  lots  of  invitations  to  go  to  the  smaller 
places,  but  such  invitations  must  be  put  over,  for  you  cannot  afford  to  miss  the  best  chance  of  the  year 
just  to  accommodate  some  small  Post  located  in  a  small  town  that  has  no  hall  which  will  seat  over  four 
or  five  hundred  people.  You  are  after  larger  game  than  that,  and  even  at  the  risk  of  offending  them, 
you  had  better  decline  their  invitation.  But  most  persons  are  reasonable,  and  when  you  tell  them  just 
how  it  is,  they  will  not  be  offended  at  you  for  declining  their  invitation.  Let  them  understand  that 
this  is  a  matter  of  business  with  you,  and  that  to  accept  their  invitation  for  that  time  would  be  like 
throwing  away  fifty  or  seventy-five  dollars,  and  that  you  cannot  afford  to  do  it,  and  the  chances  are  that 
you  will  maintain  perfect  good  feeling  and  will  make  a  "  date  "  for  some  other  time  with  them. 

Question  22. How  did  your  Company  get  the  original  war  photographs,   if    they 

were  taken  by  the  U.  $.  Government  Photographers? 

Answer.  During  the  war  the  United  States  Government  authorized  and  employed  Messrs. 
M.  B.  Brady  and  Alex  Gardiner,  two  of  the  leading  photographers  of  this  country,  to  procure  the  most 
excellent  cameras  possible  and  to  accompany  the  Union  armies  in  the  field,  making  photographs  of  all 
those  wonderfully  interesting  and  thrilling  scenes.  The  object  of  this  was  to  preserve  in  accurate 
form  an  illustrated  historical  record  of  the  scenes  of  the  war,  to  be  treasured  in  the  archives  of  the  War 
Department  in  Washington.  Messrs.  Brady  and  Gardiner  were  permitted,  by  the  terms  of  their  con- 
tract with  the  Government,  to  make  two  negatives  of  each  scene;  they  therefore  prepared  their  cameras 
so  that  when  they  photographed  any  scene  there  were  two  separate  negatives  made,  both  exactly  alike, 
of  course.  Both  negatives  were  original  and  both  made  at  the  same  moment  by  the  same  "exposure," 
as  the  photographers  call  it.  So  they  went  on,  through  the  entire  war,  photographing  thousands  of 
scenes,  Of  each  scene  they  had  the  two  negatives,  as  above  explained,  making  two  complete  sets  all 
through.  One  set  of  these  negatives  was  placed  in  the  War  Department  at  Washington,  where  they 
have  since  been  treasured  and  where  they  now  remain.  The  other  set  of  negatives  were  stored  away  at 
the  close  of  the  war,  and  as  years  went  by  they  were  almost  forgotten.  We  accidentally  discovered 
them,  packed  away  in  a  store-room  and  covered  with  the  dust  of  almost  a  quarter  of  a  century.  We 
contracted  to  purchase  the  entire  collection,  and  we  paid  the  owners  thousands  and  thousands  of  dollars 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  HISTORY  OF  THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION.  27 

on  the  contract,  until  we  have  finally  paid  up  the  entire  amount,  and  we  now  own,  absolutely,  the 
whole  of  this  most  wonderful  and  interesting  collection.  The  other  set  is,  as  above  stated,  in  the  archives 
of  the  War  Department  at  Washington,  where  it  will  always  be  treasured.  The  Government  set  is  not, 
and  never  will  be,  for  sale,  for  the  United  States  is  not  in  business  commercially,  and  of  course  never  will 
undertake  any  business  in  opposition  to  any  of  its  citizens.  Consequently  we  say  that  no  original  war 
photographs  can  ever  be  obtained  except  of  us.  To  say  that  these  negatives  are  worth  their  weight  in 
gold  would  be  putting  a  cheap  value  on  them.  They  are  priceless,  and  should  anything  happen  to 
destroy  them  they  could  never  be  replaced,  for  of  course  the  scenes  they  represent  are  gone  forever,  and 
consequently  no  more  photographs  could  ever  be  made.  We  carry  a  heavy  line  of  insurance  on  the  col- 
lection, but  insurance  money  could  not  replace  them  if  they  should  be  destroyed. 

Question  93. How  soon  will  you  get  the  war  photographs  all  catalogued? 

Answer.  We  cannot  tell.  We  are  now  at  work  on  the  negatives,  identifying,  arranging,  and 
preparing  them  for  the  catalogue  ;  but  it  is  slow  workj  because  there  are  so  many  of  the  views  that  we 
cannot  identify  or  classify.  In  many  cases  the  label  which  the  photographer  put  on  the  negative  when 
he  made  the  photograph,  almost  thirty  years  ago,  has  been  lost  off,  so  that  when  the  negatives  came  into 
our  hands  many  of  them  had  no  label  on,  and  we  are  working  along  carefully  with  them,  getting  them 
identified  by  comrades  who  sometimes  see  a  view  which  they  can  recognize.  We  have  large  albums  in 
our  office,  in  which  we  have  put  a  copy  of  each  view,  and  when  comrades  visit  us  we  set  them  down  in 
a  comfortable  chair  and  request  them  to  look  over  the  albums,  and  when  they  see  a  view  that  they  can 
positively  recognize  and  identify,  to  give  us  the  name  and  description  of  the  view.  In  this  way  we  are 
gradually  getting  the  scenes  identified  and  classified,  and  ready  for  the  catalogue.  We  do  not  wish  to  be 
in  too  much  of  a  hurry  about  publishing,  because  we  prefer  to  take  time  and  make  sure  that  we  get  the 
names  and  descriptions  right  before  we  print  them. 

Question  24. How  large  a  scene  do  you  show  on  the  curtain? 

Answer.  We  usually  make  about  a  fourteen-foot  view.  This  is  large  enough  so  that  it  can 
be  seen  clearly  from  all  parts  of  the  house.  A  fourteen-foot  view  covers  about  two  hundred  square 
feet  of  canvas,  and  brings  out  all  the  details  of  the  scene  nicely.  Of  course,  as  to  the  question  of  how 
large  a  scene  to  make,  we  can  only  say  that  the  exhibitor  must  be  guided  by  circumstances  and  by  the 
size  of  the  hall  he  is  exhibiting  in.  You  sometimes  get  into  a  hall  where  the  ceiling  is  not  high  enough 
so  that  you  can  make  a  fourteen-foot  picture.  In  that  case  you  must  of  course  make  a  smaller  view. 
The  Stereopticon  will  make  any  size  view  that  you  require,  from  a  five-foot  scene  to  a  twenty-five  foot 
scene.  In  a  small  hall  it  is  not  necessary  to  make  so  large  a  view  as  if  you  were  in  an  opera-house  or  a 
large  hall.  In  Music  Hall,  Providence,  R.  I.,  we  ma.de  a  view  almost  thirty  feet  square.  This  was 
necessary,  owing  to  the  great  size  of  the  hall.  Music  Hall  seats  over  five  thousand  people,  and  it  is 
nearly  ninety  feet  from  the  front  of  the  balcony,  or  dress  circle,  to  the  stage.  This  is  the  only  hall  we 
ever  found  where  we  were  obliged  to  make  so  large  a  view.  The  view  is  not  as  good  when  it  is  enlarged 
over  twenty-five  feet  square.  As  above  stated,  a  fourteen-foot  scene  is  about  the  right  thing,  and  you 
will  very  seldom  find  it  necessary  to  make  it  any  larger  than  that. 


NOTICE. 

In  the  seven  foregoing  pages  we  have  answered  some  of  the  questions  which  will 
naturally  arise  in  the  mind  of  any  person  who  is  interested  and  disposed  to  engage  in 
the  business  of  the  War  View  Exhibition.  We  have  given  you,  in  the  answers  to 
these  questions,  such  information  as  we  have  gained  in  our  own  experience  with  the 
exhibition.  After  reading  over  these  questions  and  answers  carefully,  if  you  desire  any 
further  information  than  is  there  given,  we  shall  be  pleased  to  correspond  with  you,  or 
to  have  you  come  and  make  us  a  visit  and  look  the  business  over. 

Yours  in  F.,  0.,  &  L.f 

THE  WAR  PHOTOGRAPH  &  EXHIBITION  COMPANY, 

(Incorporated  under  the  Laws  of  the  State  of  Connecticut,  December  27,  A.  D.  1890,) 

No.  2  State  Street,  HARTFORD,  CONN. 

WILLIAM   HUNTINGTON,  President.    (First  Sergeant  Co.  "  D,"  8th  Conn.  Infantry.) 
JOHN  C.  TAYLOR,  Secretary  and  Treasurer.    (Sergeant  Co.  "  B,"  First  Conn.  Artillery.) 
CHARLES  STARR,  Assistant  Secretary. 


I  II  II  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  Ml  I  II  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  !  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  II  I  I  I  I  I  M  I  I  I  I  !_: 

!   1861       ~fliefaFfiFt|©Ifiikt~       1865    I 

-J^,  » v  IL/ 

PHOTOGRAPHIC    HISTORY. 

An  Instructive  and  Entertaining  Exhibition. 


*x  LETTERS  AND  PRESS  NOTICES. 

The  following  are  a  few  of  the  many  unsolicited  letters  and  press  notices  we  have  received 


^  From  the  "  WATERBURY  AMERICAN." 

_  It  was  indeed  an  evening  of  rare  enjoyment  at  Music 

_  Hall  last  night.    The  hall  was  full  by  8  o'clock,  and  many 

_  were  turned  away.   Before  beginning  there  was  some  spec- 

^  ulation  as  to  the  merits  of  the  novel  entertainment,  but 

_  the  moment  the  pictures  began  to  appear  before  the  aud- 

-i  ience  all  speculation  was  banished.    From  first  to  last,  the 

_  whole  audience  was  carried  away  with  enthusiasm.    Of 

_  course  the  old  veterans   were  beyond  restraint;    their 

_  frequent  responses  to  the  lecturer,  or  spontaneous  cheers 

_  over  some  familiar  scene  added  a  special  charm  to  the 

^  entertainment.    We  may  consider  ourselves  fortunate  to 

^  live  in  a  time  when  we  can  hear  from  a  veteran's  own  lips 

^  the  true  stories  of  the  war,  and  see  these  men  recognize 

^  and  enthuse  over  the  spots  where  they  endured  so  much 

•^  for  their  country.    They  are  not  going  to  be  with  us  many 

••?  jr«*ir8  more,  and  then  we  shall  regret  every  opportunity 

•^  that  we  have  lost  of  this  kind,  for  it  pertains  to  the  most 

?s  interesting  period  of  American  history.    The  views  wer 


pronounced  by  the  best  judges  strikingly  life-like,  and 

when  the  audience  went  away  they  felt  as  tho 

been   taking  a  trip  over  those  historic  grounds.    Every 


ough  they 
ounds.    Ev 


had 


one  was  astonished  at  the  perfection  of  the  wonderful 
photographs  taken  by  Government  Photographer  Brady, 
and  seemed  to  appreciate  the  fact  that  these  were  the  only 
available  copies  of  these  pictures  extant.  Some  of  them 
were  beautifully  colored,  and  all  true  to  life.  The  lectur- 
er, Commander  John  C.  Taylor,  of  Post  No.  60,  G.A.  R., 
Hartford,  was  a  member  of  Major  Bannon's  Company,  in 
the  First  Connecticut  Heavies,  and  is  a  very  pleasant 
speaker,  interspersing  his  lecture  with  many  amusing 
anecdotes.  He  apologized  that  it  was^he  first  time  he  had 
used  this  manuscript,  but  the  apology  was  unnecessary. 
It  is  probable  that  the  Camp  will  yield  to  the  popular  de- 
mand,  and  bring  the  entertainment  here  again  in  the 
Spring,  thua  gratifying  those  who  went  last  night,  and 
those  who  are  to-day  expressing  so  universally  their  re- 
gret  that  they  did  not  go. 


From  the  "HARTFORD  COURANT." 

Mr.  John  C.  Taylor  of  this  city  had  a  gratifying  ova- 
tion at  the  Opera  House  last  evening,  where  he  gave  bis 
entertainment  entitled,  "The  War  for  the  Union."  •  The 
audience  was  very  large,  and  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps  of 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  will  profit  handsomely 
by  it.  This  entertainment  interests  everybody,  whether 
veterans  or  not,  and  it  is  sure  to  draw  a  liberal  patronage 
wherever  it  is  given. 


From  the  "NEW  HAVEN  JOURNAL  AND 
COURIER." 

A  large  and  attentive  audience  occupied  the  darkened 
Atheneum  last  evening  when  John  C.  Taylor,  of  Hartford, 
commenced  the  second  lecture  of  the  battle  scenes  ot 
"  The  War  for  the  Union."  Like  the  lecture  of  Wednes- 
day evening  it  was  overflowing  with  interest  and  replete 
with  instances  of  the  great  civil  struggle.  The  illustrations 
were  startlingiy  realistic;  the  attention  of  the  audience 
was  held  from  beginning  to  end.  To-night's  lecture  is 
the  last  of  this  pleasant  and  instructive  course. 


From  the  "HARTFORD  TIMES." 

In  securing  Mr.  John  C.  Taylor  to  give  his  illustrated 
war  lecture,  the  G.  A.  R.  were  instrumental  in  bringing  out 
the  best  entertainment  seen  here  for  a  long  time.  Indeed, 
in  the  line  treated,  it  has  never  been  equaled.  The  lec- 
turer carried  his  audience  back  to  war  days,  by  a  few  well- 
chosen  words,  and  then  by  a  series  of  interesting  and  soul- 
stirring  scenes,  thrown  upon  the  canvas,  transported  his 
hearers  to  the  front  and  gave  the  home-guard— those  stay 
at-home-patriots— an  idea  of  the  horrors  of  war;  and  even 
the  veterans,  who  were  "at  the  front"  for  three  years  or 
more  got  ideas  of  the  immensity  of  dread  war  which  they 
did  not  pick  up  by  actual  experience.  The  lecturer  had 
an  attractive  way  of  introducing  the  rapidly  changing  views 
which  had  a  pleasing  effect,  and  at  times  it  was  a  question 
whether  the  audience  was  the  most  charmed  at  the  words 
of  the  speaker,  or  by  the  excellence  and  variety  of  the 
scenes  so  distinctly  thrown  upon  the  canvas.  If  the  ex- 
cellence of  this  entertainment  was  generally  understood 
Mr.  Taylor  would  be  busy  in  answering  calls  for  it. 


A  Letter  Irom  A  CRIPPLED  COMRADE  In  the 
Far  'West. 

.       What  Old  Soldiers  think  of  the  War  Photographs. 

SARATOGA,  Wyoming  Territory 
THE  WAE  PHOTOGBAPH  &  EXHIBITION  Co.,  Hartford,  Conn. 

Dear  Comrades: — Tfie  sample  views  I  sent  for  came 
O.  K.,  and  to-day  two  more  for  which  accept  thanks. 

I  thought  at  one  time  that  I  would  try  to  do  something 
toward  exhibiting  these  war  views,  but  the  country  is  too 
thinly  settled  yet  to  make  anything  at  it.  If  I  were  back 
in  the  States  or  located  in  some  large  town  like  Cheyenne 
or  Laramie  City  I  might  do  well. 

It  would  be  difficult  to  tell  how  much  I  value  these 
photographs  and  I  get  them  down  most  every  day  and 
look  them  all  over  carefully. 

No  one  but  an  old  soldier  can  form  any  idea  how  vividly 
these  views  bring  back  old  times,  and  as  I  look  into  the 
past  they  represent,  I  can  hear  the  singing  of  bullets,  the 
boom  of  artillery,  and  the  screaming  of  shells  mingled 
with  the  shouts  of  the  soldiers  and  the  groans  of  the 
wounded  and  dying. 

I  am  dependent  upon  the  pension  I  get  for  a  living  and 
I  have  anything  but  an  easy  luxurious  life  of  it  as  you 
well  know.  Diseased  in  almost  every  tissue,  I  am  unable 
to  perform  the  slightest  manual  labor,  still  if  I  could  afford 
it,  I  would  have  every  war  view  you  have  even  though 
they  cost  double  what  they  do. 

My  wife  complains  and  says  they  make  me  moody  and 
distressed.  They  do  not.  They  only  make  me  live  over  the 
past  again.  They  carry  my  mind  back  to  the  time  when  I 
could  endure  any  fatigue  or  exposure;  when  I  could  lie 
down  upon  a  pile  of  rails  or  lean  up  against  a  tree  and 
sleep — Oh !  how  I  could  sleep — when  I  could  eat  raw  bacon 
and  drink  water  from  a  horse  track  and  was  glad  to  get  it. 

Some  of  these  days  I  hope  to  be  better  off  than  now. 
Then  I  want  every  view  you  have.  Until  then  I  wish  you 
every  success,  and  I'd  like-  to  help  you  on  in  your  good 
work,  for  it  seems  to  me  every  old  soldier  owes  you  a  debt 
of  gratitude  for  your  enterprise  in  preserving  these  me- 
morials  of  the  past  and  placing  them  within  reach  of  all. 
Yours  in  F.  C.  and  L., 

JOHN  F.  CRAWFORD. 


A  collection  of  views  cannot  be  sent  on  approval,  or  to  be  selected  from  and  part  of  them  returned  ;  for  the  simple 
reason  that  there  are  not  views  enough  to  accommodate  the  thousands  of  comrades  who  would  be  defighted  to  take  them 
and  sit  down  and  look  them  all  over  and  pick  out  those  they  wish  to  buy.  It  is  simply  impossible  to  do  the  business  in 
this  way.  We  would  like  to  accommodate  every  comrade  who  wishes  to  see  all  of  these  interesting  war  views,  but  the 
only  way  we  can  do  it  is  to  invite  all  who  wish  to  see  the  collection  to  come  to  our  office  in  Hartford,  and  we  will  take 
pleasure  in  having  you  spend  as  many  hours  as  you  like  in  looking  over  the  scenes  that  were  once  so  familiar  to  us  all. 
We  are  glad  to  welcome  any  comrade  or  other  person  who  is  interested  in  the  war  scenes,  and  show  him  a  collection  of 
views  of  the  great  war,  that  will  amply  repay  him  for  the  time  spent  in  visiting  us.  We  have  more  than  six  thousand 
different  views. 


_ 


These  War  Photographs  are  not  in  "the  trade, 
of  our  authorized  Agents.    Reliable  Agents  wanted. 


They  can  be  procured  only  of  us,  or         T 


Comrade 


THE  WAR  PHOTOGRAPH  &  EXHIBITION  COMPANY, 

No.  2  State  Street,  HARTFORD,  CONN. 
I  I  III  II  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  II  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I  I 

-If  you  find  nothing  in  this  Catalogue  which  interests  you,  will  you  please  hand  it 
to  some  comrade  or  other  person  who  might  make  us  a  good  Agent. 


